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Metaphors in the History of Psychology describes and analyzes the ways in which psychological accounts of brain functioning, consciousness, cognition, emotion, motivation, learning, and behavior have been shaped--and are still being shaped--by the central metaphors used by contemporary psychologists and their predecessors. The contributors to this volume argue that psychologists and their predecessors have invariably turned to metaphor in order to articulate their descriptions, theories, and practical interventions with regard to psychological functioning. By specifying the major metaphors in the history of psychology, these contributors have offered a new "key" to understanding this critically important area of human knowledge. This theme has become an issue of central concern in a variety of disciplines ranging from linguistics and literary studies to cognitive science, psychology, and philosophy. Through the identification of these metaphors, the contributors to this volume have provided a remarkably useful guide to the history, current orientations, and future prospects of modern psychology.
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CAMBRIDGE STUDIES IN THE HISTORY OF PSYCHOLOGY I'. ·, ' Cambridge Studies in the History of Psychology GENERA.L £DITORS: WllUAM R. WOODWARD AND MITCHELL G. ASH Metaphors in the history of psychology I� ' �q y·/ '--- Metaphors in the history of psychology Edited by David E. Leary �� ;:: ... . . CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Published by the Press Syndicateof the University of Cambridge The Pitt Building, Trumpmgton Street, Cambridge C B2 l RP 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Victoria 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1990 First published 1990 Reprinted 1992 First paptr1 back edition 1994 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Metaphors in the history of psychology/edited by David E. Leary. p. em . - (Cambridge studies in the history ofpsychology) IS BN 0-521-3 7166-Xhardback 1. Psychology - Philosophy ·· History . I . Leary, David E. BF38 .M482 2 . Metaphor - History. ll. Series . 1990 150' .1 -dc20 89-27215 CI P British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Metaphors in the history of psychology. - (Cambridge studies inthe history ofpsychology) . 1. · Psychology. Role of metaphor . L Leary, David E. 150 IS BN 0-521-37166-X hardback IS BN 0-521-42152-7 paperback Contents page vii xi About the authors Preface 1 Psyche's muse: the role of metaphor in the history 1 ����� David E. Leary 2 From metaphors to models: the use of analogy in neuropsychology Karl H. Pribram 3 Inner feelings, works of the flesh, the beast within, diseases of the mind, driving force, and putting on a show: six metaphors of emotion and their theoretical extensions James R. Averill 4 Motives and metaphors: a study in scientific creativity Paul McReynolds 5 Cognitive metaphors in experimental psychology Robert R. Hoffman, Edward L. Cochran, and James M. Nead 6 Metaphors of consciousness and cognition in the history of psychology Jerome Bruner and Carol Fleisher Feldman v 79 104 133 173 230 Vl Contents 7 Metaphors of knowledge and behavior in the behaviorist tradition Laurence D. Smith 239 8 Metaphor, metatheory, and the social world Kenneth J. Gergen 267 9 Metaphors of unwanted conduct: a historical sketch Theodore R. Sarbin 300 10 11 Generative meta