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The current view among Western scholars of Islam concerning the early development of Islamic jurisprudence was shaped by Joseph Schacht's famous study on the subject published 50 years ago. Since then new sources became available which make a critical review of his theories possible and desirable. This volume uses one of these sources to reconstruct the development of jurisprudence at Mecca, virtually unknown until now, from the beginnings until the middle of the second Islamic century. New methods of analysis are developed and tested in order to date the material contained in the earliest compilations of legal traditions more properly. As a result the origins of Islamic jurisprudence can be dated much earlier than claimed by Schacht and his school.
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ISLAMIC HISTORY AND CIVILIZATION STUDIES AND TEXTS EDITED BY \VADADKADI VOLUME 41 THE ORIGINS OF ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE Meccan Fiqh bifore the Classical Schools BY HARALD MOTZKI translated from the German by MARION H. KATZ BRILL LEIDEN ·BOSTON· KOLN 2002 This book is printed on acid-free paper. This book was originally published as Harald Motzki, Die Arifdnge der islamischen ]wisprudenz. Ihre EntwicklurJg in Me& his zur Milte des 2. I 8. Jahrhunderts. Abhandlungen fur die Kunde des Morgenlandes, herausgcgeben von der Deutschen MorgenHindische-n Gesellschaft, Bd. L,2), Stuttgart 1991: Kornmissionsverlag Franz Steiner. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Motzki, Harald. (Anfmge der islamischenJurisprudenz. English] The origins of Islamic jurisprudence : Meccan fiqh before the classical schools I by Harald Motzki ; translated from the German by Marion H. Katz. p. em. -- (Islamic history and civilization. Studies and texts, ISSN 0929-2403; v. 4-1) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 9004121315 (alk. paper) 1. Islam 1aw--Histof}~ 2.Jurisprudence-Arab countries-History. 3. Islamic law--Study and teaching-Arab countries-History. I. Tide. II. Islamic history and civilization. Studies and texts ; v. 41 LAW 2001035473 Die Deutsche Bibliothek- CIP-Einheitsaufilahme Motzki! Harald: The origins of Islamic jurisprudence : Meccan fiqh before the classical schools I by Harald Motzki. Trans!. from the German by Marion H. Katz. Leiden ; Boston ; Kaln : Brill, 2002 (Islamic history and civilization ; Vol. 41) ISBN 90-0~12131-!i ISSN 0929-2403 ISBN 90 04 12131 5 © Cop;•right 2002 by Koninklijke Brill NT{ Leiden, The Netherlands All ri,.hts reserved. No part rif this publimtion mqy be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval.rystem, en· transmitted in anJ•form or by anJ• means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without pri!Jr written permirsion from the publisher. Authorization to pr.otocopy ilemsfor internal or personal use is granted by Brill provided that the appropriate fees are paid direct{y to The Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910 Dan~sMA 01923, USA. Fees are subject to charJge. PRINTED IN TIIE NE'fHERLANDS CONTENTS Preface to the English Edition .... .. ... .. ....... ..... ...... ... .... .. ............ Introduction .... ... ....... ..... ... .. .......... ....... .... .... ....... .. ... ..... ..... .. .... .. . I. The Beginnings of Islamic Jurisprudence in the Research of the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries A. Early Research .. .. ........ .......... .... .. ..... ..... ..... .. ......... ........ B. More Recent Research .... ........ ............ .... ...... .... .......... II. New Sources for the History of the Beginnings of Islamic Jurisprudence .......................................................... A. 'Abd al-Razzaq's Mll,l'annqf--The Work and Its Sources ...................................................................... 1. The Edition . .