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Year: 1,992
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Edition: First Edition
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Pages: 539
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Pages In File: 539
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Language: English
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Identifier: 0716722526,9780716722526
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Ddc: 552
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Lcc: QE601 .T894 1992
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Org File Size: 155,841,707
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Extension: pdf
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Toc: COVER PAGE......Page 1STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY......Page 2CONTENTS......Page 4PREFACE......Page 7TABLE......Page 9ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 10PART I ( INTRODUCTION)......Page 111-1. WHAT ARE STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND TECTONICS......Page 131-2. STRUCTURE- TECTONICS AND THE USE OF MODELS......Page 141-3. THE INTERIOUS OF THE EARTH AND THE OTHER TERRESTRIAL BODIES......Page 15FIGURE 1-1. DIAGRAMMATIC CROSS SECTION OF EARTH SHOWING THE INNER AND OUTER CORE THE MANTLE THE LITHOSPHERE AND CRUST.......Page 16FIGURE 1-2. DISTRIBUTION OF LAND CONTINENTAL SHELVES OCCAN BASIN AND TECTONIC PLATES ON THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH......Page 17FIGURE 1-3. DISTRIBUTION OF TOPOGRAPHIC ELEVATIONS ON THE EARTH A. CUMUIATIVE CURVE SHOWING THE PERCENT OF THE EARTHS SURFACE THAT IS ABOVE A PARTICULAR ELEVATION B.......Page 181-5. SUMMARY AND PREVIEW......Page 19ADDITIONAL READINGS......Page 202-1. THE ORIENTATION OF STRUCTURES......Page 21FIGURE 2-1. THE STRIKE AND DIP OF A PLANAR STRUCTURE......Page 222-2. GEOLOGIC MAPS......Page 232-3. CROSS SECTIONS: PORTRAYAL OF STRUCTURES IN THREE DIMENSIONS......Page 24FIGURE 2-3. THE EFFECT OF VERTICAL EXAGGERATION ON CROSS SECTION......Page 25FIGURE 2-5. FLUTE CASTS......Page 26PRIMARY STRUCTURES IN IGNEOUS ROCKS......Page 27UNCONFORMITIES......Page 28FIGURE 2-11. TYPES OF UNCONFORMITIES......Page 29FIGURE 2-12. ROSE DIAGRAM OF THE FAULTS AND JOINTS IN AN AREA......Page 30FIGURE 2-14. PROJECTION OF LOWER HALF OF THE PLOTTING SPHERE ONTO THE IMAGE PLANE......Page 31SEISMIC STUDIES......Page 32FIGURE 2-1-2. ILLUSTRATION OF THE PRINCIPLE OF SEISMIC REFRACTION IN A TWO- LAYER STRUCTURE......Page 33FIGURE 2-15. SEISMIC REFLECTION PROFILES......Page 34FIGURE 2-17. EQAL- AREA PROJECTIONS SHOWING THE RADIATION PATTERN OF COMPRESSION FIRST MOTIONS (C) AND RAREFACTION FIRST MOTION FOR THE THREE MAIN TYPES OF FAULTES......Page 36FIGURE 2-2-1. THE PRINCIPLE OF STACKING OF SEISMIC RECORDS......Page 37FIGURE 2-3-1. THE MIGRATION OF SEISMIC SINGNALS CORRECTS THE SEISMIC RECORDS TO GIVE THE TRUE LOCATION AND DIP OF REFLECTIONS......Page 38FIGURE 2-3-2. THE END OF DISCONTINUOUS REFLECTOR (D) ACTS AS A DIFFRACTION POINTS AND RADIARES SEISMIC ENERGY IN ALL DIRECTIONS FOR ANY ANGLE OF INCIDENCE......Page 39GEOMAGNETIC STUDIES......Page 40FIGURE 2-19. APPARENT POLAR WANDER PARTH (APW) FOR NORTH AMERICA (CIRCLES) AND FOR EUROPE......Page 41ADDITIONAL READINGS......Page 42FIGURE 2-4-1-C.......Page 43PART II (BRITTLE DEFORMATION)......Page 443-1. CLASSIFICATION OF JOINTS AND EXTENTION FRACTURES......Page 46FIGURE 3-2. JOINTS......Page 47FIGURE 3-4. FRACTURE-CONTROLLED TOPOGRAPHY SINAI PENINSULA EGYPT......Page 48FIGURE 3-6. COLUMNAR JOINTING......Page 49ORIENTATION OF FRACTURES......Page 50FIGUE 3-10. TERMINATIONS OF INDIVIDUAL JOINTS......Page 51