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Biology of Hawaiian Streams and Estuaries Biology of Hawaiian Streams and Estuaries Proceedings of the Symposium on the Biology of Hawaiian Streams and Estuaries Hilo, Hawai‘i 26–27 April 2005 Edited by Neal L. Evenhuis & J. Michael Fitzsimons Bishop Museum Bulletin in Cultural and Environmental Studies 3 Bishop Museum Press Honolulu, 2007 Editorial committee for this volume Ron A. Englund Neal L. Evenhuis J. Michael Fitzsimons Glenn R. Higashi Mark G. McRae Robert T. Nishimoto Supported by a grant from the Sportfish Restoration Project of the United States Fish & Wildlife Service through the Division of Aquatic Resources, Department of Land & Natural Resources, State of Hawaii. Available from: Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-2704 Division of Aquatic Resources Department of Land & Natural Resources 1151 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96813 Published by Bishop Museum Press 1525 Bernice Street Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-2704, USA Copyright ©2007 Bishop Museum All Rights Reserved Printed in the United States of America ISBN 10: 1-58178-053-2 ISBN 13: 978-1-58178-053-6 ISSN 1548-9620 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword — William S. Devick ................................................................................................... vii Introduction — J. Michael Fitzsimons & Robert T. Nishimoto ..................................................... 1 Hawaiian stream fishes: the role of amphidromy in history, ecology, and conservation biology — Robert M. McDowall ............................................................................................................... 3 Behavioral ecology of indigenous stream fishes in Hawai‘i — J. Michael Fitzsimons, Mark G. McRae & Robert T. Nishimoto .............................................................................................. 11 The Hawaiian ahupua‘a land use system: its biological resource zones and the challenge for silvicultural restoration — Dieter Mueller-Dombois .................................................................. 23 Opportunities in stream drift: methods, goby larval types, temporal cycles, in-situ mortality estimation, and conservation implications — Kim N.I. Bell ...................................................... 35 Production, marine larval retention or dispersal, and recruitment of amphidromous Hawaiian gobioids: issues and implications — Cheryl A. Murphy & J. H. Cowan, Jr. ............................. 63 Early seaward drift of gobies in Japan — Kei’ichiro Iguchi ....................................................... 75 The potential for source-sink population dynamics in Hawaii’s amphidromous fishes — Mark G. McRae ................................................................................................................................... 87 Applications of stable isotope analysis to tracing nutrient sources to Hawaiian gobioid fishes and other stream organisms — Keith A. Hobson, R.J.F. Smith & P. Sorensen ............................ 99 Morphometric and genetic confirmation of two species of Kuhlia (Osteichthyes: Kuhliidae) in Hawai‘i — Lori K. Benson McRae ...................................................................................... 113 The importance of functional morphology for fishery conservation and management: applications to Hawaiian amphidromous fishes — Heiko L. Schoenfuss & Richard W. Blob ........................ 125 Mugilids in the muliwai: a tale of two mullets — Robert T. Nishimoto, Troy E. Shimoda & Lance K. Nishiura .......................................................................................................................... 143 Parasites of Hawaiian stream fishes: sources and impacts — William F. Font ...........................