ADVANCESIN CANCER RESEARCH VOLUME 43 Contributors to This Volume D. Cohen Philip Noguchi David Colcher Sidney Pestka Paul B. Fisher Varda Rotter Judah Folkman Volker Schirrmacher John Greiner Jeffrey Schlom Patricia Horan Hand Robert Szigeti Donald Kufe Maureen Weeks Karin Moelling David Wolf David Wunderlich ADVANCES IN CANCERRESEARCH Edited by GEORGE KLEIN Department of Tumor Biology Karolinska lnstitutet Stockholm, Sweden SIDNEY WEINHOUSE Fels Research Institute Temple University Medical School Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Volume 43- 1985 ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers) Orlando San Diego New York London Toronto Montreal Sydney Tokyo COPYRIGHT @ 1985, BY ACADEMIC PRESS. INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING. OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. Orlando. Florida 32887 United Kin dorn Edition ublished by ACADEM~C PRESS I&. (LONDON) LTD. 24-28 Oval Road, London NW I 7DX LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARDNUMBER: 52-1 3 3 6 0 I S B N 0-12-006643-2 FWNTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 85 86 87 88 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 I CONTENTS CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix Cancer Metastasis: Experimental Approaches, Theoretical Concepts, and Impacts for Treatment Strategies VOLKER SCHIRRMACHER Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , , , . , , . , . , , . , , . , , 11. Metastasis Research. . , . . , . . , . ...................t. 111. Cascade Theory of Metastasis . . . . . , . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , , . , , . , . , , , , , IV. Instability, Subpopulation Interactions, and Tumor Progression: Experimental Findings and Theoretical Concepts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , . . , . . V. Angiogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VI. Cancer Invasion ........................... . . . . . . . . . . . VII. Tumor Dormancy. . . . , . . . . . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . VIII. Host Immune Responses in Metastasis . ........................ Ix. Impacts of Experimental Studies on Ca ment Strategies . , . X. Summary and Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . I . . I . . . References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . , , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . , , . , , . , . , . , . , . , 1 4 14 23 33 36 46 48 55 63 64 The Canine Transmissible Venereal Tumor: A Unique Result of Tumor Progression D. COHEN I. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 11. . ............................. 78 111. .............................. 80 IV. ................................. 82 V. ntation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 VI. The Immune Response against the TVT 86 VII. Etiology and the Mechanism of Transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 VIII. 103 ....................... 107 V vi CONTENTS Biological and Molecular Analysis of p53 Cellular-Encoded Tumor Antigen VAHD.4 ROTTER A N D DAVID W0l.F I . Introduction I1. p53 Is Complexed with Viral-Encoded Protein . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111. Expression of p53 in Nontransformed Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . IV . V. VI . VII . VII