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Working Americans 1880–1999 Volume III: The Upper Class Working Americans 1880–1999 Volume III: The Upper Class by Scott Derks A UNIVERSAL REFERENCE Book Grey House Publishing MILLERTON, NY 12546 P U B L I S H E R : Leslie Mackenzie E D I T O R I A L D I R E C T O R : Laura Mars-Proietti E D I T O R I A L A S S I S TA N T: Pamela Michaud M A R K E T R E S E A R C H : Jessica Moody A U T H O R : Scott Derks C O N T R I B U T O R : Erika Watson DePaz E D I T O R I A L A S S I S TA N T S t o t h e a u t h o r : Cheryl Quick, Linda Kelly C O P Y E D I T O R : Elaine Alibrandi C O M P O S I T I O N & D E S I G N : Stratford Publishing Services A Universal Reference Book Grey House Publishing, Inc. 185 Millerton Road Millerton, NY 12546 518.789.8700 800.562.2139 FAX 518.789.0545 www.greyhouse.com While every effort has been made to ensure the reliability of the information presented in this publication, Grey House Publishing neither guarantees the accuracy of the data contained herein nor assumes any responsibility for errors, omissions or discrepancies. Grey House accepts no payment for listing; inclusion in the publication of any organization, agency, institution, publication, service or individual does not imply endorsement of the editors or publisher. Errors brought to the attention of the publisher and verified to the satisfaction of the publisher will be corrected in future editions. Except by express prior written permission of the Copyright Proprietor no part of this work may be copied by any means of publication or communication now known or developed hereafter including, but not limited to, use in any directory or compilation or other print publication, in any information storage and retrieval system, in any other electronic device, or in any visual or audio-visual device or product. This publication is an original and creative work, copyrighted by Grey House Publishing, Inc., and is fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by laws covering misappropriation, trade secrets and unfair competition. Grey House has added value to the underlying factual material through one or more of the following efforts: unique and original selection; expression; arrangement; coordination; and classification. Grey House Publishing, Inc., will defend its rights in this publication. Copyright© 2001 Grey House Publishing, Inc. All rights reserved First edition published 2001 Printed in the USA Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data available ISBN 1-930956-38-X hardcover TABLE OF CONTENTS 1880–1899 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1880 Family Profile: Telephone Executive from Massachusetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Annual Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Life at Home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Life at Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Life in the Community: Boston, Massachusetts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Historical Snapshot 1880–1881 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1880 Economic Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Daily Income, Standard Jobs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Selected Prices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 The Development of the Telephone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .