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How to go to your page This eBook contains two volumes. In the printed version of the book, each volume is page-numbered separately. To avoid duplicate page numbers in the electronic version, we have inserted a volume number before the page number, separated by a hyphen. For example, to go to page 5 of Volume 1, type 1-5 in the "page #" box at the top of the screen and click "Go." To go to page 5 of Volume 2, type 2-5… and so forth. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF BRITISH WRITERS 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES Dr. Alan Hager GENERAL EDITOR Department of English SUNY Cortland Dr. Gregory M. Colón Semenza ADVISER Department of English University of Connecticut Dr. John Huntington ADVISER Department of English University of Illinois at Chicago Encyclopedia of British Writers, 16th and 17th Centuries Copyright © 2005 by BOOK BUILDERS LLC All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Facts On File, Inc. 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Encyclopedia of British writers, 16th to 18th centuries/[written and developed by Book Builders LLC]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. ISBN 0-8160-5495-9 (v. 1) – ISBN 0-8160-5132-1 (set) 1. English literature – Early modern, 1500–1700—Bio-bibliography—Dictionaries. 2. Authors, English—Early modern, 1500–1700—Biography—Dictionaries. 3. English literature—18th century—Biobibliography—Dictionaries. 4. Authors, English—18th century—Biography —Dictionaries. I. Title: Encyclopedia of British writers, sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. II. Hager, Alan, 1940– III. Krueger, Christine L. IV. Stade, George. V. Karbeiner, Karen. VI. Book Builders LLC. PR421.E63 2004 820.9'003—dc22 2004047070 Facts On File books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Facts On File on the World Wide Web at http://www.factsonfile.com Written and developed by Book Builders LLC Text design by Rachel L. Berlin Cover illustration by Smart Graphics Cover design by Cathy Rincon Printed in the United States of America VB Hermitage 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. CONTENTS Preface v Introduction vii Authors’ Timeline xiii Entries A to Z 1 Selected Bibliography 439 Index 455 PREFACE bibliographies. Some artists, such as William Shakespeare or Ben Jonson, are well known. Some, such as Mary Astell, have only recently been recognized. Still others, such as Thomas Wilson, remain obscure except to experts but are thought important by the editors. Hierarchies, namely, which authors are thought to be the most valued or influential, are always in flux, and thus, perhaps, some day printers, for example, may be seen as central to the age. Much of the writing discussed herein is readily available. However, many works are out of print and available only in library collections and on the Internet. These works still deserve to endure—if for no other reason than because of their historical importance—and thus one of the volume’s functions is preservation. Another is the active promotion of these authors, certain brilliant men and women, whose words continue to entertain and enlighten. Encyclopedia of British Writers, 16th and 17th Centuries, of course, cannot replace reading and enjoying the works of the writers and artists whose entries follow, but it will help general readers a