Advances in Plant Pathology Volume 11 EDITORIAL BOARD Michael J. Daniels The Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, UK Richard I. Hamilton Agriculture Canada Research Station, Vancouver, Canada David S. Ingram Royal Botanic Garden, Edinburgh, UK Paul H. Williams University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA Advances in Plant Pathology series edited by j . H . Andrews I.C. Tommerup Department of Plant Pathology The University of Wisconsin Jvladison, Wisconsin USA and Volume 11 ACADEMIC PRESS Harcourt Brace & Company, Publishers London San Diego New York Sydney Tokyo Toronto Boston CSIRO Laboratoryfor Rural Research Wembley, Western Australia Australia ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX United States Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. San Diego, CA 92101 This book is printed on acid free paper Copyright 9 1995 by Academic Press Limited All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-12-033711-8 Typeset by Colset Private Ltd, Singapore Printed and Bound in Great Britain by T.J. Press (Padstow) Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall Contents Contributors Preface 1. The Concept of Agricultural Sustainability A. Hamblin vii ix 1 2. Prehistoric Agricultural Methods as Models for Sustainability W. M. Denevan 21 3. Sustainable Agriculture: An Agroecological Perspective S. R. Gliessman 45 4. Developing Biofertilizer and Biocontrol Agents that Meet Farmers' Expectations M. E. Leggett and S. C. Gleddie 59 5. Pathogens' Responses to the Management of Disease Resistance Genes J. K. M. Brown 75 6. Three Sources for Non-chemical Management of Plant Disease: Towards an Ecological Framework A. P. Maloney 103 7. Classical Biological Control of Plant Pathogens J. K. Scott 131 8. Economic Thresholds and Nematode Management R. McSorley and L. W. Duncan 147 9. Evaluation of Micro-organisms for Biocontrol: Botrytis cinerea and Strawberry, a Case Study J . C . Sutton 173 I0. Biodiversity and Biocontrol: Lessons from Insect Pest Management M.A. Altieri 191 1 I. Plant Protection Using Natural Defence Systems of Plants B.J. Deverall 211 12. The Role of Soil Microbiology in Sustainable Intensive Agriculture C. E. Panldaurst and J. M. Lynch 229 vi Contents 13. World Integrated Pathogen and Pest Management and Sustainable Agriculture in the Developing World J . W . Bentley, J. Castafio-Zapata and K. L. Andrews 249 14. The Diversity of Fungi Associated with Vascular Plants: the Known, the Unknown and the Need to Bridge the Knowledge Gap P. F. Cannon and D. L. Hawksworth 277 15. Adventures of a Rose Pathologist C. Harwood 303 Index 317 Contributors M.A. ALTIERI, Division of Biological Control, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley CA 94 720, USA K. L. ANDREW