CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE An imprint of Elsevier Limited © 2004, Elsevier Limited. All rights reserved. The right of Michael Stanborough to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without either the prior permission of the publishers or a licence permitting restricted copying in the United Kingdom issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Health Sciences Rights Department in Philadelphia, USA: phone: (⫹1) 215 238 7869, fax: (⫹1) 215 238 2239, e-mail:
[email protected] You may also complete your request on-line via the Elsevier Science homepage (www.elsevier.com), by selecting ‘Customer Support’ and then ‘Obtaining Permissions’. First published 2004 ISBN 0 443 07390 2 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress Notice Medical knowledge is constantly changing. Standard safety precautions must be followed, but as new research and clinical experience broaden our knowledge, changes in treatment and drug therapy may become necessary or appropriate. Readers are advised to check the most current product information provided by the manufacturer of each drug to be administered to verify the recommended dose, the method and duration of administration, and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner, relying on experience and knowledge of the patient, to determine dosages and the best treatment for each individual patient. Neither the publishers nor the author will be liable for any loss or damage of any nature occasioned to or suffered by any person acting or refraining from acting as a result of reliance on the material contained in this publication. The Publisher Printed in China vii FOREWORDS There are books which offer just another spin on a common subject, maybe with a different emphasis than previous authors, ye