Between Understanding And Trust: The Public, Science And Technology

Between Understanding and Trust Between Understanding and Trust The Public, Science and Technology Edited by Meinolf Dierkes and Claudia von Grote Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin ftir Sozialforschung Germany LONDON AND NEW YORK Copyright © 2000. The Gordon and Breach Publishing Group. Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Between understanding and trust: the public, science and technology 1. Technology—Social aspects 2. Science—Public opinion 3. Mass media and technology 4. Technological innovations— Government policy—Citizen participation I. Dierkes, Mienolf II. von Grote, Claudia 303.4 83 ISBN 0-203-98897-3 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 90-5823-007-4 (Print Edition) Contents List of Figures vi List of Tables vii Foreword Elisabeth Noelle-Neumann viii Preface PART ONE x The Historical and Political Context of the Discussion Surrounding the Public Understanding of Science and Technology Introduction Meinolf Dierkes and Claudia von Grote 2 1. Why Should the Public ‘Understand’ Science? A Historical Perspective on Aspects of the Public Understanding of Science Ulrike Felt 4 2. The “Science Wars” and American Politics Sheila Jasanoff 27 3. From Northern to Southern Europe—Political Motivations Behind Recent Discourse on the “Public Understanding of Science” Maria Eduarda Gonçalves 41 PART TWO Comparative Analysis: Results of and Reflections on Surveys as Methodological Instruments Introduction Meinolf Dierkes and Claudia von Grote 52 4. Civic Scientific Literacy and Attitude to Science and Technology: A Comparative Analysis of the European Union, the United States, Japan, and Canada Jon D.Y.Miller and Rafael Pardo 54 5. Two Cultures of Public Understanding of Science and Technology in Europe John Durant,Martin Bauer,George Gaskell,Cees Midden,Miltos Liakopoulos, and Liesbeth Scholten 89 v 6. “Science in the Media” as a Cultural Indicator: Contextualizing Surveys with Media Analysis Martin Bauer 108 7. Studying Public Perception of Biotechnology: Helicopter or Microscope? Anneke M.Hamstra 124 PART THREE ªScienceº and ªThe PublicºÐRevised Concepts Introduction Meinolf Dierkes and Claudia von Grote 142 8. Understanding “Publics” in the Public Understanding of Science Edna F.Einsiedel 144 9. What Does Science mean in the “Public Understanding of Science” Steven Yearley 151 Against Linearity—On the Cultural Appropriation of Science and Technology Knut H.Sørensen, Margrethe Aune, and Morten Hatling<