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Contents; Figures; Foreword; 1. Introduction; 2. Definition of the Caduceus; 3. Development of the Structure of the Caduceus; 4. Hermes; 5. Egyptian Hermes; 6. Caduceus in Medicine: Sixteenth Through Nineteenth Centuries; 7. Caduceus as a Printer's Mark; 8. U.S. Army's Medical Department Adopts the Caduceus; 9. Present; 10. Summary; Appendix I: Persistence of Confusion About Hermes; Appendix II: History of the American Medical Association's Official Symbol; Selected Bibliography; Index.;The Caduceus, two entwined snakes set upon a rod, was the ancient symbol of Hermes, the Greek god of merchants. Today, it is the symbol of medical and allied professions. Friedman traces the use of the caduceus symbol and explains why it came to be the sy.
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THE GOLDEN WAND OF MEDICINE
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THE GOLDEN WAND OF MEDICINE A History of the Caduceus Symbol in Medicine WALTER J. FRIEDLANDER FOREWORD BY ROBERT P. HUDSON
Contributions in Medical Studies, Number 35
GREENWOOD PRESS New York • Westport, Connecticut • London
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Friedlander, Walter J. The golden wand of medicine : a history of the caduceus symbol in medicine / Walter J. Friedlander ; foreword by Robert P. Hudson, p. cm.—(Contributions in medical studies, ISSN 0886-8220 ; no. 35) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-313-28023-1 (alk. paper) 1. Caduceus—History. 2. Symbolism in medicine—History. I. Title. II. Series. [DNLM: 1. Emblems and Insignia—History. Wl C0778NHE no. 35 / WZ 334F911g] R133.F72 1992 610M48—dc20 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 91-28356 British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data is available. Copyright © 1992 by Walter J. Friedlander All rights reserved. No portion of this book may be reproduced, by any process or technique, without the express written consent of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 91-28356 ISBN: 0-313-28023-1 ISSN: 0886-8220 First published in 1992 Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881 An imprint of Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc. Printed in the United States of America
The paper used in this book complies with the Permanent Paper Standard issued by the National Information Standards Organization (Z39.48-1984). P Copyright Acknowledgments The author and publisher are grateful to the following for allowing the use of copyrighted material: " 4 . To Hermes," reprinted from The Homeric Hymns, A Verse Translation by Thelma Sargent, by p