The Scientific Attitude: Defending Science From Denial, Fraud, And Pseudoscience [EPUB]

E-Book Overview

An argument that what makes science distinctive is its emphasis on evidence and scientists' willingness to change theories on the basis of new evidence. Attacks on science have become commonplace. Claims that climate change isn't settled science, that evolution is “only a theory,” and that scientists are conspiring to keep the truth about vaccines from the public are staples of some politicians' rhetorical repertoire. Defenders of science often point to its discoveries (penicillin! relativity!) without explaining exactly why scientific claims are superior. In this book, Lee McIntyre argues that what distinguishes science from its rivals is what he calls “the scientific attitude”—caring about evidence and being willing to change theories on the basis of new evidence. The history of science is littered with theories that were scientific but turned out to be wrong; the scientific attitude reveals why even a failed theory can help us to understand what is special about science. McIntyre offers examples that illustrate both scientific success (a reduction in childbed fever in the nineteenth century) and failure (the flawed “discovery” of cold fusion in the twentieth century). He describes the transformation of medicine from a practice based largely on hunches into a science based on evidence; considers scientific fraud; examines the positions of ideology-driven denialists, pseudoscientists, and “skeptics” who reject scientific findings; and argues that social science, no less than natural science, should embrace the scientific attitude. McIntyre argues that the scientific attitude—the grounding of science in evidence—offers a uniquely powerful tool in the defense of science.

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E-Book Information

• Year: 12 Apr 2019

• Edition: Original retail

• Pages: 296

• Language: English

• Topic: 178

• Identifier: 0262039834,978-0262039833

• Asin: B07QVQCY44

• Commentary: “What makes science special? According to McIntyre’s deeply original yet highly accessible new book, it is not any special principle or method. It’s the attitude of those who engage in it. To engage in science is to care about empirical evidence and be willing to change your mind when it doesn’t go your way. This is an important book for our post-truth culture.” ―Michael Patrick Lynch, Humanities Institute, University of Connecticut; author of The Internet of Us and Know-It-All Society

• Color: 1

• Cleaned: 1

• Paginated: 1

• Org File Size: 486,700

• Extension: epub

• Tags: Science Methodology & Statistics