Mathematical Physics In Theoretical Chemistry

Mathematical Physics in Theoretical Chemistry Developments in Physical & Theoretical Chemistry Series Editor James E. House With the new series Developments in Physical & Theoretical Chemistry, Elsevier introduces a collection of volumes that highlight timely and important developments in this interdisciplinary field. The series aims to present useful and timely reference works dealing with significant areas of research in which there is rapid growth. Through the contributions of specialists, these volumes will provide essential background on appropriate and relevant topics and provide surveys of the literature at a level to be useful to advanced students and researchers. In this way, the volumes will address the underlying theoretical and experimental background on the topics for researchers entering the topic fields and function as useful reference works of lasting value. A primary goal for the volumes in the series is to provide a strong educational thrust for advanced study in particular fields. Each volume will have an editor who is intimately involved in work constituting the topic of the volume. Although contributions to volumes in the series will include those of established scholars, contributions from those who are rising in prominence will also be included. 2018 2019 Physical Chemistry of Gas–Liquid Interfaces Jennifer A. Faust and James E. House, Editors Mathematical Physics in Theoretical Chemistry S.M. Blinder and J.E. House, Editors Developments in Physical & Theoretical Chemistry J. E. House, Series Editor Mathematical Physics in Theoretical Chemistry Edited by S. M. Blinder University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI and Wolfram Research, Champaign, IL, USA J. E. House Illinois Wesleyan University, Bloomington, IL; and Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA Elsevier Radarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom 50 Hampshire Street, 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. To the fullest extent of the law, neither the Publisher nor the authors, contributors, or editors, assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions, or ideas contained in the material herein. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from