Pulmonary Hypertension
NUMBER 58 / DECEMBER 2012
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY monograph
Pulmonary hypertension plays an increasingly important role in contemporary medicine. It may present as discrete disease or as a complication of a broad spectrum of other conditions, such as connective tissue disease, congenital heart disease, liver disease, lung disease or left heart disease. All of these forms have different features and their management is never the same. This Monograph aims to provide an in-depth overview of our current understanding of the various forms of pulmonary hypertension, their diagnosis and their treatment.
Tuberculosis Edited by Christoph Lange and Giovanni Battista Migliori
E RESPIRAT
Print ISBN 978-1-84984-025-5 Online ISBN 978-1-84984-026-2
Number 57 September 2012 £45.00/€53.00/US$80.00
57
RESPIRA
Print ISSN 1025-448x Online ISSN 2075-6674
European Respiratory Monograph 58, December 2012
Tuberculosis Published by European Respiratory Society ©2012 December 2012 Print ISBN: 978-1-84984-027-9 Online ISBN: 978-1-84984-028-6 Print ISSN: 1025-448x Online ISSN: 2075-6674 Printed by Page Bros Ltd, Norwich, UK Managing Editor: Rachel White European Respiratory Society 442 Glossop Road, Sheffield, S10 2PX, UK Tel: 44 114 2672860 E-mail:
[email protected] All material is copyright to European Respiratory Society. It may not be reproduced in any way including electronic means without the express permission of the company.
Edited by Christoph Lange and Giovanni Battista Migliori
Editor in Chief Tobias Welte
Statements in the volume reflect the views of the authors, and not necessarily those of the European Respiratory Society, editors or publishers.
This book is one in a series of European Respiratory Monographs. Each individual issue provides a comprehensive overview of one specific clinical area of respiratory health, communicating information about the most advanced techniques and systems required for its investigation. It provides factual and useful scientific detail, drawing on specific case studies and looking into the diagnosis and management of individual patients. Previously published titles in this series are listed at the back of this Monograph.
Contents
Number 58
December 2012
Preface
v
Guest Editors
vi
Introduction
viii
1.
Microbiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a new diagnostic test for TB Vera Katalinić-Janković, Lucinda Furci and Daniela Maria Cirillo
1
2.
Epidemiology of TB Lia D’Ambrosio, Antonio Spanevello and Rosella Centis
14
3.
Pulmonary diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria Jakko van Ingen, David E. Griffith, Timothy R. Aksamit and Dirk Wagner
25
4.
Human genetic variability and susceptibility to pulmonary TB Thorsten Thye and Christian G. Meyer
38
5.
State of the art in vaccine development against TB Tom H.M. Ottenhoff and Stefan H.E. Kaufmann
59
6.
Prevention of TB in areas of low incidence Roland Diel and Albert Nienhaus
72
7.
Prevention of TB in areas of high incidence Ben J. Marais, H. Simon Schaaf and Dick Menzies
84
8.
TB drug resistance in high-incidence countries Keertan Dheda, Grant Theron, Jonathan G. Peter, Greg Symons, Rodney Dawson and Paul Willcox
95
9.
TB drug resistance in low-incidence countries Kai Kliiman, Gunar Günther and Alan Altraja
111
10. Diagnosis of TB: state of the art Jonathan G. Peter, Ric