Allama. Genesis And Evolution Of Shi'a And Shia'ism

‫ِب ۡس ِبي ٱ ِب ٱ َّرل ۡس َم ٰـ ِب ٱ َّرل ِب ِبي‬ Bismi Allahi Alrrahmani Alrraheemi In the name of Allah, the most Beneficent, the most Merciful Genesis and Evolution of Shi'a and Shia'ism By Allama Ehsan Elahi Zaheer Edited By IslamFuture ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ • The Origin of Shiaism Page 3 • Shiaism and Sabai Page 24 • Shia's Allegations on Caliph Page 45 • The Sabai's Period Page 82 • Shia Sects Page 84 • Shia's of Ithna-e-Ashriyya Page 151 • Ithna-e-Ashriyya and Sabai's Belief Page 178 The Origin of Shiaism The word "Shia" is applied to the workers of a political party. In Arabic language there is an expression. It means that such man is a follower or supporter of such and such man. Allama Zubaidi is of opinion that the word Shia stands for all those people who evolve a consensus on a particular issue and for any person who joins the group or party of another person as a token of support and assistance. He is included among his Shias. The word Shia in fact derives from which means obedience and submission. In Islam the word was employed in its real and actual sense. It was also applied to those political groups and parties that entertained a difference of opinion on different martyrdom of Hazrat Usman (r.a) when serious differences developed between Hazrat Ali (r.a) and Hazrat Muawiyah (r.a). The people who belonged to the party of Hazrat Ali (r.a) were known as 'Shia of Ali'. They believed that Hazrat Ali (r.a) was the fourth Caliph and had a better claim over the Caliphate as compared to Hazrat Muawiyah (r.a). Therefore they supported Ali during the battle waged between him and Muawiyah (r.a). The Shia and Muawiyah (r.a) held a diametrically opposite opinion. They believed that the murderers of Caliph Hazrat Usman (r.a) had joins Ali's (r.a) party and secured asylum under his strong wing. Besides, the Shias of Muawiyah (r.a) did not recognize the claim of Hazrat Ali (r.a) over Khilafat. However, they promised to return to Ali (r.a) and acknowledge him as the Caliph if he avenged the murder of Hazrat Usman (r.a) by executing his murderers. The historians have reported that when Hazrat Ali (r.a) sent 'Adi bin Sayyada bin Hafsa to persuade Muawiyah (r.a) to pledge his surrender and submission, he replied: "you have invited me to join the party and pledge my submission (to him). As far as the party is concerned I have no reservations about its support for me. But as far as submission is concerned, (tell me) how can I submit myself to a person who is accused s an accomplice in the murder of Hazrat Usman (r.a). He denies his involvement in the murder and I do not accuse him of murder either. But he has furnished refuge to the murderers of Hazrat Usman (r.a). If this is not so, he should hand over the murders of Hazrat Usman (r.a) to use so that we may take our revenge by putting them to death. If he is willing to agree to our proposal, we are also willing to obey him and to join his party". Muawiyah (r.a had given the same reply to Abu Aldarda (r.a) and Hazrat Abu Umamah (r.a) when Hazrat Ali (r.a) dispatched them on a similar mission: "Go and tell Mr. Ali that he should take revenge from the murderers of Hazrat Usman (r.a) and impose Qisas on them. Then I'll be the first among the Syrians to pledge fealty to him". At the early stage of negotiations Hazrat Ali (r.a) had sent Jarir bin