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© 2012 Dale T. Griffee eBook edition 2012 All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Author or Publisher. Produced in the United States of America. First Edition
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data An Introduction to Second Language Research Methods: Design and Data / by Dale T. Griffee p. 21 x 28 cm. 213 pp. Includes bibliographical references ISBN 10: 0-9823724-1-8 ISBN 13: 978-0-9823724-1-8 (eBook) 1. Research Methods 2. Education 3. Language and Languages—Study and Teaching
About the Author Dale T. Griffee directs the International Teaching Assistant (ITA) program at Texas Tech University where he teaches ITAs, academic writing, research methods and program evaluation. He holds an MAT in ESL from The School for International Training and an Ed. D. from Temple University, Japan. He was the series editor for the JALT (Japan Association of Language Teachers) Applied Materials series, and with David Nunan edited Classroom Teachers and Classroom Research, (1997) a compilation of articles on classroom research. His most recent publication is as fourth author of English Communication for International Teaching Assistants (Waveland Press, 2010). He welcomes questions and comments at
[email protected]
This book is set in Cambria font.
Editor: M.E. Sokolik, University of California, Berkeley © 2012 Dale T. Griffee and TESL-EJ Publications
An Introduction to Second Language Research Methods: Design and Data
Dale T. Griffee
TESL-EJ Publications
Berkeley, California, USA
An Introduction to Second Language Research Methods: Design and Data
PART ONE: Getting Started
Introduction: My Approach to Research Chapter 1. How to Get Started Chapter 2. Structure of a Research Paper
............. 6
............. 7 ............. 9
............. 18
PART TWO: Design ............. 42
Introduction to Research Design ............. 43 Chapter 3. Survey Research Design
............. 52
Chapter 5. Case Study Design
............. 96
Chapter 4. Experimental Research Design
............. 71
Chapter 6. Action Research Design ............. 109 PART THREE: Data ............. 127 Introduction to Data Collection Instruments
............. 128
Chapter 8. Data from Interviews
............. 159
Chapter 7. Data from Questionnaires Chapter 9. Data from Observations
Chapter 10. Data from Diaries and Journals
............. 135 ............. 177 ............. 199
_________________________________________________________________________________ Griffee 5
PART ONE Getting Started
MY APPROACH TO RESEARCH
F
irst of all, congratulations! You graduated from various schools and now you are interested in research. At some point you decided to be a language teacher. I’m an ESL teacher myself, but whatever language you teach, congr