Revised and updated, <STRONG>Alternative Fuels addresses many of the factors affecting our energy use, including the availability and desirability of various fuels—especially the use of hydrogen. This new edition covers new hydrogen developments in technology, oil supplies and new drilling techniques, latest information on hydrogen highway projects, breakthroughs in fuel cell technology and ultra low emissions in transportation, the latest statistics on emerging oil markets, energy reserves, and carbon dioxide increases. Also included is material on energy policy, fuel supply trends, alternative scenarios, energy utilization, sustainable energy, cost analysis, fuel escalation, energy and development, regulatory issues, barriers to implementation, conversion systems, storage systems, thermodynamic efficiency, fuel chain efficiency, life-cycle efficiency, technology issues extracting, refining, air emission issues, safety, natural gas hydrogen gas, methanol, ethanol, steam reforming and fuel cells.
Alternative Fuels— The Future of Hydrogen Third Edition
Alternative Fuels— The Future of Hydrogen Third Edition By Michael Frank Hordeski
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hordeski, Michael F. Alternative fuels : the future of hydrogen / by Michael Frank Hordeski. -Third edition. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-1-4665-8024-4 (Taylor & Francis distribution : alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-88173-687-2 (alk. paper) ISBN-10: 0-88173-688-0 (electronic) 1. Hydrogen as fuel. 2. Fuel switching. 3. Hydrogen cars. 4. Automobile industry and trade--Forecasting. I. Title. TP359.H8H67 2012 333.79’4--dc23
2012038738
Alternative fuels : the future of hydrogen--third edition / by Michael Frank Hordeski ©2013 by The Fairmont Press, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Published by The Fairmont Press, Inc. 700 Indian Trail Lilburn, GA 30047 tel: 770-925-9388; fax: 770-381-9865 http://www.fairmontpress.com Distributed by Taylor & Francis Ltd. 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487, USA E-mail:
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Table of Contents Preface.............................................................................................................. vii Chapter 1 The New Fuel Mix.......................................................................1 Chapter 2 The Oil Economy.......................................................................25 Chapter 3 The Auto Revolution.................................................................59 Chapter 4 Fuels for the Auto......................................................................91 Chapter 5 The Future of Transportation.................................................121 Chapter 6 Fuels and the Environment....................................................145 Chapter 7 The Hydrogen Economy...........................................