Perspectives In Urban Entomology

ACADEMIC PRESS RAPID MANUSCRIPT REPRODUCTION PERSPECTIVES IN URBAN ENTOMOLOGY EDITED BY G. W. Frankie Department of Entomological Sciences University of California Berkeley, California C. S . Koehler Cooperative Extension University of California Berkeley, California A C A D E M I C PRESS N e w York San Francisco A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace J o v a n o v i c h , Publishers London 1978 C O P Y R I G H T © 1978, B Y A C A D E M I C PRESS, I N C . ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION M A Y BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED I N A N Y FORM OR BY A N Y MEANS. ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR A N Y INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, W I T H O U T PERMISSION IN W R I T I N G F R O M THE PUBLISHER. A C A D E M I C PRESS, I N C . I l l Fifth A v e n u e , N e w Y o r k , N e w Y o r k 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by A C A D E M I C PRESS, I N C . ( L O N D O N ) L T D . 24/28 O v a l R o a d , L o n d o n N W 1 7DX Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Perspectives in urban entomology. " A n outgrowth of a symposium . . . held during the XV International Congress of Entomology, 1976, in Washington, D . C . " Includes bibliographical references. 1. Insects—Congresses. 2. Insect control— Congresses. 3. Urban fauna—Congresses. I. Frankie, G. W . II. Koehler, Carlton S. III. International Congress of Entomology, 15th, Washington, D. C , 1976. QL461.P38 595.7'05'26 78-6746 ISBN 0-12-265250-9 PRINTED I N THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS Numbers in parentheses indicate pages on which authors' contributions begin. J O H N T. A M B R O S E (187), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , N o r t h Carolina State University, Raleigh, N o r t h Carolina 27607 G A R Y W . B E N N E T T (409), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , Purdue University, W e s t Lafayette, Indiana 47907 M I C H A E L B U R G E T T (187), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 D E W E Y M . C A R O N (187), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740 H A R R Y G. D A V I S (163), Yakima A g r i c u l t u r a l Research Laboratory, A g r i c u l tural Research Service, U S D A , Y a k i m a , W a s h i n g t o n 98902 W A L T E R EßELING (221), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , University of California, Los A n g e l e s , California 90024 L. E. EHLER (349), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , University of California, Davis, California 95616 G O R D O N W . F R A N K I E (249, 267, 359), D e p a r t m e n t of Entomological Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 R. A . FRENCH (31), R o t h a m s t e d Experimental S t a t i o n , H a r p e n d e n , H e r t f o r d shire, England, A L 5 2 J Q M I C H A E L J . G A Y L O R (267), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y and Z o o l o g y , A u b u r n University, A u b u r n , A l a b a m a 36830 L A W R E N C E E. GILBERT (1), D e p a r t m e n t of Z o o l o g y , University of Texas, A u s t i n , Texas 78712 A L A N I. K A P L A N (311), D e p a r t m e n t of Entomological Sciences, Division of Biological C o n t r o l , University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 G E R A L D N. LANIER (295), State University College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, N e w Y o r k 13210 H A N Ν A L E V E N S O N (359), Langley Porter Institute, University of California Medical S c h o o l , San Francisco, California 94143 R I C H A R D W . M E R R I T T (125), D e p a r t m e n t of E n t o m o l o g y , M i c h i g a n State Unive