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Other Titles in the SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY A N D GLOBAL PROBLEMS Series GOLDSMITH, M. & KING, A . Issues of Development: Towards a New Role for Science and Technology GVISHIANI, J. Trends and Perspectives in Development of Science and Technology and Their Impact on the Solution of Contemporary Problems R A D H A K R I S H N A , S. Views from the Developing World
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING Science, Technology and Global Problems Edited by
VICTOR L. URQUIDI
PERGAMON PRESS O X F O R D · N E W YORK · T O R O N T O · SYDNEY · PARIS · FRANKFURT
U.K. U.S.A. CANADA AUSTRALIA FRANCE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY
Pergamon Press Ltd., Headington Hill Hall, Oxford OX3 OBW, England Pergamon Press Inc., Maxwell House, Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523, U.S.A. Pergamon of Canada, Suite 104, 150 Consumers Road, Willowdale, Ontario M2J 1P9, Canada Pergamon Press (Aust.) Pty. Ltd., P.O. Box 544, Potts Point, N.S.W. 2011, Australia Pergamon Press SARL, 24 rue des Ecoles, 75240 Paris, Cedex 05, France Pergamon Press GmbH, 6242 Kronberg-Taunus, Pferdstrasse 1, Federal Republic of Germany Copyright © 1979 Pergamon Press Ltd. All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means: electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publishers. First edition 1979
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Symposium on Science and Technology in Development Planning, 4th, Mexico City, 1979 Science and technology in development planning. - (Science, technology and global problems). 1. Underdeveloped areas - Economic policy - Congresses 2. Underdeveloped areas - Science - Economic aspects - Congresses 3. Underdeveloped areas Technology - Economic aspects - Congresses , II. Urquidi, , 1. Title Victor L III. Series HC59.7 79-40912 338.9 009172 4 ISBN 0-08-025227-3
In order to make this volume available as economically and as rapidly as possible the authors' typescripts have been reproduced in their original forms. This method has its typographical limitations but it is hoped that they in no way distract the reader.
Printed and bound in Great Britain by William Clowes (Beccles) Limited, Beccles and London
SYMPOSIUM ON SCIENCE A N D TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING (Mexico City, May 28 - June 1, 1979)
S p o n s o r e d by United Nations Advisory Committee on the Application of Science and Technology to Development (ACAST), United Nations Committee for Development Planning (CDP), United Nations Department of International Economical and Social Affairs, Secretariat of the United Nations Conference on Science and Technology for Development, El Colegio de Mexico, with the cooperation of the Mexican National Council for Science and Technology (CONACYT)
Introduction VICTOR L. URQUIDI*
As part of the preparations for the United Nations Conference on Science and Technology for Development, to be held in Vienna in August 1979, the U.N. Advisory Committee on#the Application of Science for Technology to Development (ACAST), with the cooperation of the U.N. Office for Science and Technology, organized a number of symposia involving the world#scientific community and non-govermental organizations to discuss some of the major issues. The first symposium was held in Tallin, U.S.S.R., on January 8-12, 1979, on Science and Technology for Solving Global Problems Facing Mankind; the second at Singapore, January 21-28, 1979, on Science and Technology for Development; the third in Kuala Lumpur, April 27-30, 1979, on Science, Technology and Development: Views from the Developing World. A fourth symposium, on Science and Technology in Development Planning, was convened in Mexico City, May 28 to June 1, with the jo