Quantum Approach To Informatics

QUANTUM APPROACH TO INFORMATICS Motto Whatever is investigated by human reason commonly also contains falsehood, and this derives partly from the weak judgement of our intellect and partly from the admixtures of pictures. Consequently many, who remain unaware of the power of visualization, will doubt such things that have been most truly demonstrated. This is the case especially because each one having a reputation as a wise man teaches his own version of the creed. In addition, many truths that are taken to be demonstrated also encompass something false, something which has not been truly demonstrated but rather is claimed on the basis of some probable or contrived argument, which is nevertheless taken to be a valid demonstration. Thomas of Aquinas 1224–1274 QUANTUM APPROACH TO INFORMATICS Stig Stenholm KTH, Stockholm, Sweden and HUT, Espoo, Finland Kalle-Antti Suominen University of Turku, Finland A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION Copyright  2005 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey. Published simultaneously in Canada. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning, or otherwise, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permission of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the