E-Book Overview
The American edition of our monograph is not a mere translation of the Czech edition, which appeared some five years ago. We have had to respect the fact that even such a short period has sufficed for progress in this field, and that the field of application of methods of organic analysis has widened. We have therefore revised a number of chapters in Part 1, the general part of the monograph-mainly those devoted to chromatographic methods, which have been extended and complemented by methods of thin-layer chromatography and electrophoresis. The chapters on the theory of color reactions and on analytical literature have also been extended; the chapter on spectral methods has been extended by including the use of proton magnetic resonance in organic analysis, and the list of references has been enlarged by adding books of importance for organic analysis. In Part 2, the part dealing specifically with various elements and chemical groups, we have extended the chapters on solubility and on acids and bases. The methods for the detection and identification of given classes of compounds have also been supplemented by references to recent papers.
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DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
DETECTION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS by
MIROSLAV VECERA Professor of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology, Pardubice
and
JIRI GASPARIC Associate Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology and Senior Research Fellow, Institute of Organic Syntheses, Pardubice-Rybitvi
PLENUM PRESS, NEW YORK. LONDON SNTL -
PUBLISHERS OF TECHNICAL LITERATURE, PRAGUE
Distributed throughout the world with the exception of the Socialist countries by PLENUM PRESS Plenum Publishing Corporation 227 West 17th Street New York, New York 10011 Distributed in the United Kingdom by Plenum Publishing Company Limited Davis House 8 Scrubs Lane, Harlesden, London NWI06SE, England
ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-1835-4 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4684-1833-0 DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4684-1833-0 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 72-110605
© 1971 Miroslav Vecera and Jifi Gasparic Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1971 Translated by Zelimir Prochazka English edition first published in 1971 simultaneously by Plenum Publishing Corporation and SNTL - Publishers of Technical Literature, Prague
CONTENTS
Preface to the American Edition Preface to the Czech Edition
9 11
PART 1
Chapter I
Aims and Methods of Organic Qualitative Analysis
15
Chapter II
Approach to Analysis
20
Chapter III
Preparation of Chemical Substances for Analysis . . I. Crystallization - 2. Distillation - 3. Sublimation - 4. Extraction - 5. Determination of Physical Constants - References 6. Color Reactions - References - 7. Identification by Formation of Derivatives - 8. Organic Quantitative Analysis 9. Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Methods - References 10. Spectral Methods - References
25
Chapter IV
A Review of Analytical Literature References
89
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
PART 2
Chapter V
Tests for Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1. Mineralization by Fusion with Sodium - 2. Oxidation with the Decomposition Product of Silver Permanganate - 3. Oxygen Flask Method - 4. Test for Carbon - 5. Test for Hydrogen 6. Test for Sulfur - 7. Test for Nitrogen - 8. Test for Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine - 9. Test for Fluorine - 10. Test for Boron - 11. Test for Phosphorus - 12. Test for Mercury References
Chapter VI
Group and Classification Reactions . . . . . . . . . . 104 1. Solubility - 2. Acidity and Basicity - 3. Potassium Permanganate - 4. Bromine in Carbon Tetrachloride -