Corrosion Of Steel In Concrete

Luca Bertolini, Bernhard Elsener, Pietro Pedeferri, Rob Polder Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Corrosion of Steel in Concrete. Luca Bertolini, Bernhard Elsener, Pietro Pedeferri, Rob P. Polder Copyright c 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim ISBN: 3-527-30800-8 Related Titles from WILEY-VCH Cahn, R. W. (ed.) / Haasen, P. (ed.) / Kramer, E. J. (ed.) Corrosion and Environmental Degradation A Two Volume Set of the Materials Science and Technology Series ISBN 3-527-29971-8 1110 pp., 2000 R. Winston Revie (Editor) Uhlig’s Corrosion Handbook, 2nd Ed. ISBN 0-471-15777-5 1340 pp., 2000 DECHEMA Corrosion Handbook: Corrosive Agents and Their Interaction with Materials Volumes 1–12, Index and Suppl. ISBN 1126651 800 1987–1993 Luca Bertolini, Bernhard Elsener, Pietro Pedeferri, Rob Polder Corrosion of Steel in Concrete Prevention, Diagnosis, Repair Authors Luca Bertolini PhD, Associate Professor Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica „G. Natta“, Politecnico di Milano via Mancinelli, 7 20131 Milano Italy Bernhard Elsener Dr. sc. tech. / PhD, Associate Professor Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute of Materials Chemistry and Corrosion ETH Hönggerberg 8093 Zürich Switzerland and Dept. of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry University of Cagliari 09042 Cagliari Italy Pietro Pedeferri Full Professor Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica „G. Natta“, Politecnico di Milano via Mancinelli, 7 20131 Milano Italy Rob B. Polder PhD TNO Building and Construction Research Department Civil Infrastructure P. O. Box 49 2600 AA Delft Netherlands This book was carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors and publisher do not warrant the information contained therein to be free of errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. Library of Congress Card No.: applied for British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de. c 2004 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim All rights reserved (including those of translation in other languages). No part of this book may be reproduced in any form – by photoprinting, microfilm, or any other means – nor transmitted or translated into machine language without written permission from the publishers. Registered names, trademarks, etc. used in this book, even when not specifically marked as such, are not to be considered unprotected by law. Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany. Printed on acid-free paper. Composition Hagedorn Kommunikation, Viernheim Printing strauss offsetdruck GmbH, Mörlenbach Bookbinding Litges & Dopf Buchbinderei GmbH, Heppenheim ISBN 3-527-30800-8 Preface Preface Over the millennia, concrete prepared by the Romans using lime, pozzolana and aggregates has survived the elements, giving proof of its durability. Prestigious concrete works have been handed down to us: buildings such as the Pantheon in Rome, whose current structure was completed in 125 A. D. and also structures in marine environments have survived for over two thousand years. This provides a clear demonstration that concrete can be as durable as natural stone, provided that specific causes of degradation, such as acids or sulphates, freeze-thaw cycles, or reactive aggregates, are not present. Today, thanks to progress made over the past few decades in the chemistry of cement and in the technology of concrete, even these causes of deterioration can be fought effectively. With an appropriate choice