Frontline And Factory: Comparative Perspectives On The Chemical Industry At War, 1914-1924

FRONTLINE AND FACTORY Archimedes NEW STUDIES IN THE HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY VOLUME 16 EDITOR Jed Z. Buchwald, Dreyfuss Professor of History, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. ADVISORY BOARD Henk Bos, University of Utrecht Mordechai Feingold, Virginia Polytechnic Institute Allan D. Franklin, University of Colorado at Boulder Kostas Gavroglu, National Technical University of Athens Anthony Grafton, Princeton University Paul Hoyningen-Huene, University of Hannover Evelyn Fox Keller, MIT Trevor Levere, University of Toronto Jesper Lützen, Copenhagen University William Newman, Harvard University Jürgen Renn, Max-Planck-Institut für Wissenschaftsgeschichte Alex Roland, Duke University Alan Shapiro, University of Minnesota Nancy Siraisi, Hunter College of the City University of New York Noel Swerdlow, University of Chicago Archimedes has three fundamental goals; to further the integration of the histories of science and technology with one another: to investigate the technical, social and practical histories of specific developments in science and technology; and finally, where possible and desirable, to bring the histories of science and technology into closer contact with the philosophy of science. To these ends, each volume will have its own theme and title and will be planned by one or more members of the Advisory Board in consultation with the editor. Although the volumes have specific themes, the series itself will not be limited to one or even to a few particular areas. Its subjects include any of the sciences, ranging from biology through physics, all aspects of technology, broadly construed, as well as historically-engaged philosophy of science or technology. Taken as a whole, Archimedes will be of interest to historians, philosophers, and scientists, as well as to those in business and industry who seek to understand how science and industry have come to be so strongly linked. Frontline and Factory: Comparative Perspectives on the Chemical Industry at War, 1914–1924 Edited by ROY MACLEOD University of Sydney and JEFFREY ALLAN JOHNSON Villanova University A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN-10 ISBN-13 ISBN-10 ISBN-13 1-4020-5489-0 (HB) 978-1-4020-5489-1 (HB) 1-4020-5490-4 (e-book) 978-1-4020-5490-7 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springer.com Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 2006 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. ‘Above all, we still owe a word to those who work in the powder and explosives factory, who in the war economy stand, so to speak, right at the frontline – and did so long before 1939.’ ‘Ein Wort müssen wir nun vor allem noch den Menschen widmen, die hier in der Pulver- und Sprengstoff-Fabrik arbeiten und die im kriegswirtschaftlichen Sinne sozusagen direkt an der Front stehen – und zwar schon lange vor 1939.’ V. Muthe