A Pocket Guide To Public Speaking

A BRIEF CONTENTS PART 1 • GETTING STARTED 1 1. Becoming a Public Speaker 2 2. From A to Z: Overview of a Speech 8 3. Managing Speech Anxiety 14 4. Ethical Public Speaking 23 5. Listeners and Speakers 30 PART 2 • DEVELOPMENT 36 6. Analyzing the Audience 37 7. Selecting a Topic and Purpose 49 8. Developing Supporting Material 57 9. Locating Supporting Material 64 10. Doing Effective Internet Research 73 11. Citing Sources in Your Speech 83 PART 3 • ORGANIZATION 92 12. Organizing the Speech 93 13. Selecting an Organizational Pattern 103 14. Outlining the Speech 110 PART 4 • STARTING, FINISHING, AND STYLING 122 15. Developing the Introduction and Conclusion 123 16. Using Language 131 PART 5 • DELIVERY 139 17. Choosing a Method of Delivery 140 18. Controlling the Voice 144 19. Using the Body 148 PART 6 • PRESENTATION AIDS 154 20. Types of Presentation Aids 155 21. Designing Presentation Aids 161 22. A Brief Guide to Microsoft PowerPoint 164 PART 7 • TYPES OF SPEECHES 174 23. Informative Speaking 175 24. Persuasive Speaking 188 25. Speaking on Special Occasions 217 PART 8 • THE CLASSROOM AND BEYOND 230 26. Typical Classroom Presentation Formats 231 27. Science and Mathematics Courses 236 28. Technical Courses 240 29. Social Science Courses 243 30. Arts and Humanities Courses 246 31. Education Courses 248 32. Nursing and Allied Health Courses 251 33. Business Courses and Business Presentations 253 34. Presenting in Teams 258 35. Communicating in Groups 262 APPENDICES 267 A. Citation Guidelines 268 B. Question-and-Answer Sessions 282 C. Preparing for Mediated Communication 284 D. Tips for Non-Native Speakers of English 286 Glossary 290 Notes 309 Index 323 This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS PART 1 • GETTING STARTED 1 1. BECOMING A PUBLIC SPEAKER A Vital Life Skill Speech as Communication Classical Roots 2 2. SPEECH OVERVIEW Topic Selection Audience Analysis Speech Purpose Thesis Statement Main Points Supporting Materials Major Speech Parts Outline Presentation Aids Delivery 8 3. SPEECH ANXIETY Causes of Anxiety Onset of Anxiety Boosting Confidence Relaxation Techniques Using Movement Learning from Feedback 14 4. ETHICS Audience Trust Audience Values Free Speech and Responsibility Positive Public Discourse Ethical Ground Rules Avoiding Offensive Speech Avoiding Plagiarism Fair Use, Copyright, and Ethics Avoiding Internet Plagiarism 23 5. LISTENING Selective Listening Responsible Listening Exchanging Ideas Listening Obstacles Active Listening Evaluating Evidence Feedback 30 <