E-Book Overview
Due to their unparalleled effectiveness and efficiency, polyfluorinated chemicals (PFC) have become essential in numerous technical applications. However, many PFCs brought to market show limited biodegradability, and their environmental persistence combined with toxic and bioaccumulative potential have become a matter of concern in some instances. This volume highlights the synthesis of PFCs, focusing on substances with improved application and environmental properties, which are a challenge for synthetic chemists. Further, modern mass spectrometric techniques for the detection and identification of biotransformation products of PFCs are described. The sorption and leaching behavior of PFC in soil is also addressed in order to predict their fate in the environment. Several contributions discuss the monitoring of PFCs in European surface, ground and drinking waters, treatment options for PFC removal from drinking water, occurrence in food, and the human biomonitoring of PFCs.
E-Book Content
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Founded by Otto Hutzinger Editors-in-Chief: Damia` Barcelo´
l
Andrey G. Kostianoy
Volume 17
Advisory Board: Jacob de Boer, Philippe Garrigues, Ji-Dong Gu, Kevin C. Jones, Thomas P. Knepper, Alice Newton, Donald L. Sparks
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry Recently Published and Forthcoming Volumes
Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products Volume Editors: T.P. Knepper and F.T. Lange Vol. 17, 2012 Brominated Flame Retardants Volume Editors: E. Eljarrat and D. Barcelo´ Vol. 16, 2011 Effect-Directed Analysis of Complex Environmental Contamination Volume Editor: W. Brack Vol. 15, 2011 Waste Water Treatment and Reuse in the Mediterranean Region Volume Editors: D. Barcelo´ and M. Petrovic Vol. 14, 2011 The Ebro River Basin Volume Editors: D. Barcelo´ and M. Petrovic Vol. 13, 2011 Polymers – Opportunities and Risks II: Sustainability, Product Design and Processing Volume Editors: P. Eyerer, M. Weller, and C. Hu¨bner Vol. 12, 2010 Polymers – Opportunities and Risks I: General and Environmental Aspects Volume Editor: P. Eyerer Vol. 11, 2010 Chlorinated Paraffins Volume Editor: J. de Boer Vol. 10, 2010 Biodegradation of Azo Dyes Volume Editor: H. Atacag Erkurt Vol. 9, 2010
Water Scarcity in the Mediterranean: Perspectives Under Global Change Volume Editors: S. Sabater and D. Barcelo´ Vol. 8, 2010 The Aral Sea Environment Volume Editors: A.G. Kostianoy and A.N. Kosarev Vol. 7, 2010 Alpine Waters Volume Editor: U. Bundi Vol. 6, 2010 Transformation Products of Synthetic Chemicals in the Environment Volume Editor: A.B.A. Boxall Vol. 2/P, 2009 Contaminated Sediments Volume Editors: T.A. Kassim and D. Barcelo´ Vol. 5/T, 2009 Biosensors for the Environmental Monitoring of Aquatic Systems Bioanalytical and Chemical Methods for Endocrine Disruptors Volume Editors: D. Barcelo´ and P.-D. Hansen Vol. 5/J, 2009 Environmental Consequences of War and Aftermath Volume Editors: T.A. Kassim and D. Barcelo´ Vol. 3/U, 2009 The Black Sea Environment Volume Editors: A. Kostianoy and A. Kosarev Vol. 5/Q, 2008 Emerging Contaminants from Industrial and Municipal Waste Removal Technologies Volume Editors: D. Barcelo´ and M. Petrovic Vol. 5/S/2, 2008
Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products Volume Editors: Thomas P. Knepper Frank T. Lange
With contributions by Damia` Barcelo´ Axel Bergmann Heinz-Ju¨rgen Brauch Robert C. Buck Christian Eschauzier Marinella Farre´ Tobias Fro¨mel Vanessa Gellrich Ju¨rgen Ho¨lzer Thomas P. Knepper Frank Thomas Lange Marta Llorca Holger Lutze Peter M. Murphy Martial Pabon Stefan Panglisch Sandra Pe´rez Stefan Posner Torsten C. Schmidt Pim de Voogt Michael Wilhelm
Editors Prof. Dr. Thomas P. Knepper University of Applied Sciences Frese