State, Power & Politics In The Making Of The Modern Middle East, 2nd Edition

State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East Second Edition Roger Owen has fully revised and updated his authoritative text to take into account the considerable developments in the Middle East in the 1990s. As with the first edition, this book explores the emergence of individual Middle Eastern states since the fall of the Ottoman Empire at the end of the First World War and some of the key themes that have characterised the region. State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East, Second Edition: • • • • has been updated to take into account the end of the Cold War, the Gulf War, and the Israeli-Palestinian peace process; covers almost all Middle Eastern countries, including the twenty member states of the Arab League, Iran, Israel and Turkey; explores such key themes as the state and its formation, the role of the military within the political system, the politics of economic restructuring, democracy and electoral practice, and the changing relationship between religion and politics; and includes a new chapter looking at the role of non-state actors such as workers, women, and Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza. It continues to serve as an excellent introduction for newcomers to the modern history and politics of a region that is usually portrayed as mysterious, unpredictable and violent. Roger Owen is A.J.Meyer Professor of Middle Eastern History at Harvard University and a former Director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies, Harvard University. State, Power and Politics in the Making of the Modern Middle East Second Edition Roger Owen London and New York First published 1992 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4E E Simultaneously published in the U SA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Second edition 2000 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. © 2000 Roger Owen The right of Roger Owen to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data State power & politics in the making of the modern Middle East/ Roger Owen—2nd ed. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Middle East—Politics and government. 2. Africa, North—Politics and government. I. Title. DS63.O94 2000 99–047864 320'956–dc21 I SBN I S BN I SBN I SBN 0-415-19673-6 0-415-19674-4 0-203-45612-2 0-203-76436-6 (hbk) (pbk) Master e-book I SB N (Glassbook Format) For Ben About thirty years ago there was much talk that geology ought only to observe and theorise: and I well remember someone saying that at this rate a man might well go into a gravel p