Neurodegeneration And Neuroprotection In Parkinson's Disease (neuroscience Perspectives)

Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease N E U R O S C I E N C E PERSPECTIVES Series Editor Peter Jenner Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Centre Pharmacology Group Biomedical Sciences Division King's College London Manresa Road London SW3 6LX Editorial Advisory Board Floyd E. Bloom The Scripps Research Institute, LaJolla, California, USA D a v i d A. Brown University College London, London, UK Arvid C a r l s s o n University of G6teborg, Sweden Erminio Costa Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, New York, USA Kjell Fuxe Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden Gian L. G e s s a University of Cagliari, Italy Paul Greengard The Rockefeller Universi~, New York, USA H e r b e r t Y. Meltzer Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA Salvador M o n c a d a Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham, Kent, UK S o l o m a n H. Snyder Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA Titles in this series Roger Horton and Cornelius Katona (eds), Biological Aspects of Affective Disorders Trevor Stone (ed), Adenosine in the Nervous System Judith Pratt (ed), The Biological Bases of Drug Tolerance and Dependence Michel Hamon (ed), Central and Peripheral 5-HT3 Receptors John Waddington (ed), Dl : D2 Dopamine Receptor Interactions Thomas Barnes (ed), Antipsychotic Drugs and Their Side-Effects Eva Giesen-Crouse (ed), Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptors David Nicholson (ed), Anti-Dementia Agents Alan Harvey (ed), Natural and Synthetic Neurotoxins John Wood (ed), Capsaicin in the Study of Pain Yossef Itzhak (ed), Sigma Receptors John Mayer and Ian Brown (eds), Heat Shock Proteins in the Nervous System Chris Carter (ed), Neuropharmacology of Polyamines Roger Pertwee (ed), Cannabinoid Receptors Steven Vincent (ed), Nitric Oxide in the Nervous System David Latchman (ed), Genetic Manipulation of the Nervous System Neurodegeneration and Neuroprotection in Parkinson's Disease edited by C, W, Olanow Department of Neurology, Mount Sinai Medical Center New York, USA Peter Jenner Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Centre King's College London, London, UK Moussa Youdim Department of Pharmacology Technion-lsrael Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel ACADEMIC PRESS Harcourt Brace & Company, Publishers London San Diego New York Boston Sydney Tokyo Toronto ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED 24/28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX United States Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. San Diego, CA 92101 This book is printed on acid free paper Copyright 9 1996 by Academic Press Limited All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-12-525445-8 Typeset by Servis Filmsetting Ltd, Manchester, UK Printed and bound in Great Britain by Hartnolls Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall Contents Contributors ix Series Preface xi Preface xiii Section 1 Oxidant Stress 1 Oxidative stress, brain iron and n e u r o d e g e n e r a t i o n . Basic principles J.M.C. Gutteridge and B. HaUiweU 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Life in oxygen: a brief comment The basic chemistry Antioxidant protection Brain iron and free radicals Oxidative stress: the molecular targets Oxida