E-Book Overview
Geographic Information Research is a broad discipline, and is being actively pursued world-wide. A group of researchers in both North America and Europe have come together as contributors to this volume as a way of combining their expertise. The emphasis is on matters of political, strategic and organizational importance, rather than on technology or systems, and covers the theory and social and political practice which goes hand-in-hand with GIS.
E-Book Content
Geographic Information Research
Geographic Information Research: Trans-Atlantic Perspectives EDITED BY
MASSIMO CRAGLIA University of Sheffield, UK
HARLAN ONSRUD University of Maine, USA ORGANISING COMMITTEE HANS-PETER BÄHR, KEITH CLARKE HELEN COUCLELIS, MASSIMO CRAGLIA HARLAN ONSRUD, FRANÇOIS SALGÉ GEIR-HARALD STRAND
UK Taylor & Francis Ltd, 1 Gunpowder Square, London, EC4A 3DE USA Taylor & Francis Inc., 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101, Bristol, PA 19007 This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2005. “To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.” Copyright © Taylor & Francis 1999 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0-203-21139-1 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-26900-4 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0-7484-0801-0 (paper) Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data are available Cover design by Hybert Design and Type, Waltham St Lawrence, Berkshire Cover printed by Flexiprint, Lancing, West Sussex
Contents
1
PART ONE
Preface
viii
European Science Foundation and National Science Foundation
xi
Contributors
xii
Introduction and Overview Massimo Craglia and Harlan Onsrud
1
GI and Society: Infrastructural, Ethical and Social Issues 2
Spatial Information Technologies and Societal Problems Helen Couclelis
14
3
Information Ethics, Law and Policy for Spatial Databases: Roles for the Research Community Harlan Onsrud
24
4
Building the European Geographic Information Resource Base: Towards a Policy-Driven Research Agenda Massimo Craglia and lan Masser
30
5
GIS, Environmental Equity Analysis and the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP) Daniel Sui
40
6
National Cultural Influences on GIS Design: A Study of Country GIS in King Country, WA, USA and Kreis Osnabruck, Germany Francis Harvey
54
7
The Commodification of Geographic Information: Some Findings from British Local Government Steve Capes
67
8
Nurturing Community Empowerment: Participatory Decision-Making and Community-Based Problem Solving Using GIS Laxmi Romasubramaian
83
9
Climbing Out of the Trenches: Issues in Successful Implementation of Spatial Decision-Support System Paul Patterson
98
v
PART TWO
Gl for Analysis and Modelling
10
Spatial Models and GIS Michael Wegener
108
11
Progress in Spatial Decision Making Using Geographic Information Systems Tim Nyerges
121
12
GIS and Health: From Spatial Analysis to Spatial Decision Support Antony Gatrell
134
13
The use of Neural Nets in Modelling Health Variations—The Case of Västerbotten, Sweden Orjan Pettersson
148