Children And Aids: Second Stocktaking Report: Actions And Progress

Children and AIDS Second Stocktaking Report Children and AIDS: Second stocktaking report Actions and progress The quotations used throughout this report represent the views of the individuals quoted and not necessarily the views of UNICEF, UNAIDS or WHO. UNAIDS, the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/ AIDS, brings together the efforts and resources of ten UN system organizations to the global AIDS response. Cosponsors include UNHCR, UNICEF, WFP, UNDP, UNFPA, UNODC, ILO, UNESCO, WHO and the World Bank. Based in Geneva, the UNAIDS secretariat works on the ground in more than 75 countries worldwide. CONTENTS Page 2 Introduction Page 5  hapter 1 C Preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV Page 11  hapter 2 C Providing paediatric HIV care and treatment Page 17  hapter 3 C Preventing infection among adolescents and young people Page 23  hapter 4 C Protecting and supporting children affected by AIDS Page 27  hapter 5 C Monitoring progress and data availability Page 30  Chapter 6 Resource mobilization Page 34  hapter 7 C Conclusions Page 36 References Page 38  nnex A Note on the data Page 39  oal 1. Preventing mother-to-child transmission G of HIV in low- and middle-income countries Page 42  oal 2. Providing paediatric treatment in lowG and middle-income countries Page 44  oal 3. Preventing infection among adolescents G and young people Page 47  oal 4. Protecting and supporting children G affected by HIV and AIDS UNITE FOR CHILDREN UNITE AGAINST AIDS 1 Introduction For millions of children, HIV and AIDS have starkly altered the experience of growing up. In 2007, it was estimated that 2.1 million children under age 15 were living with HIV. As of 2005, more than 15 million children under 18 have lost one or both parents to AIDS. Millions more have experienced deepening poverty, school dropout and discrimination as a result of the epidemic. In 2005, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), as part of its work as a cosponsoring agency of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), addressed a Call to Action to all those working to protect children from the consequences of the epidemic. It urged the international community to Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS to ensure that the next generation of children is AIDS-free. T   he initiative was based on stakeholders’ commitment to reaching the Millennium Development Goals and living up to the promises made by world leaders at the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS in 2001. The Call to Action set forth goals for 2010 in four programme areas, known as the ‘Four Ps’, derived from the child-related articles of the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS adopted at the 2001 Special Session (see box, below). T   hese areas are a focus of efforts by all those working to ensure that the well-being of children remains at the heart of the global response to AIDS. The ‘Four Ps’: Goals of the Unite for Children, Unite against AIDS initiative • Prevent mother-to-children transmission of HIV By 2010, offer appropriate services to 80 per cent of women in need. • Provide paediatric treatment Provide antiretroviral treatment, cotrimoxazole or both to 80 per cent of children in need. • Prevent infection among adolescents and young people Reduce the percentage of young people living with HIV by 25 per cent globally. • Protect and support children affected by HIV and AIDS Provide services that reach 80 per cent of children most in need. 2 UNITE FOR CHILDREN UNITE AGAINST AIDS This secon