ALCOHOLISM Its Treatments and Mistreatments
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ALCOHOLISM Its Treatments and Mistreatments
Irving Maltzman Professor Emeritus University of California Los Angeles, USA
World Scientific NEW JERSEY
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LONDON
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SINGAPORE
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BEIJING
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SHANGHAI
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HONG KONG
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TA I P E I
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CHENNAI
Published by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ALCOHOLISM: ITS TREATMENTS AND MISTREATMENTS Copyright © 2008 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
For photocopying of material in this volume, please pay a copying fee through the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. In this case permission to photocopy is not required from the publisher.
ISBN-13 978-981-277-087-5 ISBN-10 981-277-087-9
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Printed in Singapore.
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Contents
1. A Biosociobehavioral Disease Conception of Alcoholism
1
2. Alcoholism Treatments and Mistreatments
25
3. What Makes Alcoholics Anonymous Work
77
4. Expectancy Theory and Research: Balderdash!
107
5. Self-selection of Alcoholism Treatment Goals: Harm Reduction or Induction
135
6. Little Albert Redux II: Bias and Lack of Scholarship in Textbooks
165
7. Sociology of Science and Alcoholism Studies
217
References
231
Appendix 1: Letter to Griffith Edwards
265
Appendix 2: Letter to Mary Beth Kenkel
275
Index
313
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1 A Biosociobehavioral Disease Conception of Alcoholism
Miller and Hester (2003), in the introductory chapter of their Handbook of Alcoholism Treatment Approaches: Effective Alternatives (3rd ed.), present various “conceptual models” or interpretations regarding the characteristics and etiology of alcohol problems: Experts in the field ascribe alcohol problems and alcoholism to a bewildering array of causes: inherent biochemical abnormalities (Blum & Payne, 1991; Milam & Ketcham, 1981), genetic influence (Begleiter & Kissin, 1995), conflictual emotions (Denzin, 1993), irrational cognitions (Ellis & Velten, 1992), social learning processes (Orford, 1985; Peele, 1985), family pathology (Curtis, 1999; Steiner, 1971; Steinglass, Bennett, Wolin, & Reiss, 1987), sociocultural influences (Cahalan, 1987; Edwards et al., 1994; Holder, 1998), self-regulation failure (Baumeister, Heatherton, & Tice, 1994), and personal choice (Fingarette, 1988). Given such disagreement about the essence and causes of alcohol problems, it is little