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OCEANOGRAPHY and MARINE BIOLOGY AN ANNUAL REVIEW Volume 43
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OCEANOGRAPHY and MARINE BIOLOGY AN ANNUAL REVIEW Volume 43 Editors R.N. Gibson
Scottish Association for Marine Science The Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Oban, Argyll, Scotland
[email protected]
R.J.A. Atkinson
University Marine Biology Station Millport University of London Isle of Cumbrae, Scotland
[email protected]
J.D.M. Gordon
Scottish Association for Marine Science The Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory Oban, Argyll, Scotland
[email protected]
Founded by Harold Barnes
Boca Raton London New York Singapore
A CRC title, part of the Taylor & Francis imprint, a member of the Taylor & Francis Group, the academic division of T&F Informa plc.
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Published in 2005 by CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2005 by R.N Gibson, R.J.A. Atkinson and J.D.M. Gordon CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-3597-3 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-3597-6 (Hardcover) International Standard Serial Number: 0078-3218 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recor