The Geography Of Tourism And Recreation: Environment, Place And Space

THE GEOGRAPHY OF TOURISM AND RECREATION The Geography of Tourism and Recreation presents a comprehensive introduction to tourism, leisure and recreation and to the relationships between them. Illustrated throughout, this accessible text includes a wealth of international case studies spanning Europe, North America, Australasia and Asia. Each chapter highlights the methods of analysis used by geographers to analyse recreation and tourism, and highlights the similarities and differences between the way recreation and tourism is analysed. Recent perspectives developed in human geography are introduced (e.g. gender studies and post-modernism) and a range of chapters examine: • • • • • • • the demand of recreation and tourism the supply of recreation and tourism the impacts of recreation and tourism tourism and recreation in urban and rural environments tourism and recreation in wilderness areas and other peripheral regions tourism and recreation planning and policy the future for tourism and recreation Spanning the spectrum of recreation and tourism, this book introduces both landmark studies and the most recent contributions to the field to present the first detailed evaluation of how recreation and tourism are separate and yet integrated aspects of the wider leisure phenomenon. Colin Michael Hall is based at the Centre for Tourism, University of Otago, New Zealand. Stephen John Page is Associate Professor at the Centre for Tourism Research, Massey University at Albany, New Zealand. THE GEOGRAPHY OF TOURISM AND RECREATION Environment, Place and Space C.M.Hall and S.J.Page London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2002. © 1999 Colin Michael Hall and Stephen John Page The rights of C.M.Hall and S.J.Page to be identified as the Authors of this work have been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Hall, Colin Michael, 1961– The geography of tourism and recreation: environment, place, and space/Colin Michael Hall & Stephen John Page. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Tourist trade. 2. Recreation areas. I. Page, Stephen John, 1961–. II. Title. G155.A1H343 1999 338.4'791–dc21 98–29662 CIP ISBN 0-415-16003-0 (hbk) ISBN 0-415-16004-9 (pbk) ISBN 0-203-19627-9 Master e-book ISBN ISBN 0-203-19630-9 (Glassbook Format) CONTENTS List of plates List of figures List of tables Acknowledgements ix xi xiii xv 1 INTRODUCTION: TOURISM MATTERS! The Relationship between Tourism and Recreation The Development of the Geography of Tourism and Recreation The Status of the Geography of Tourism and Recreation Knowledge Action: The Development of an Applied Geography of Tourism and Recreation Culture Transforming the Geography of Tourism and Recreation 1 2 5 7 9 15 18 22 2 THE DEMAND FOR RECREATION AND TOURISM Introduction Recreational Demand Barriers to Recreation Seasonality Financial Resources and Access to Recreational Opportunity Gender and Social Constraints Resources and Fashions Measuring Recreational Demand Problems and Methods of Measuring Recreational Demand Time Budget