Francisco Pizarro And The Conquest Of The Inca (explorers Of New Lands)

Explorers of New Lands Francisco Pizarro and the Conquest of the Inca Explorers of New Lands Christopher Columbus and the Discovery of the Americas Hernándo Cortés and the Fall of the Aztecs Francis Drake and the Oceans of the World Francisco Coronado and the Seven Cities of Gold Ferdinand Magellan and the Quest to Circle the Globe Hernando de Soto and His Expeditions Across the Americas Francisco Pizarro and the Conquest of the Inca Marco Polo and the Realm of Kublai Khan Juan Ponce de León and His Lands of Discovery Vasco da Gama and the Sea Route to India Explorers of New Lands Francisco Pizarro and the Conquest of the Inca Shane Mountjoy Series Consulting Editor William H. Goetzmann Jack S. Blanton, Sr. Chair in History and American Studies University of Texas, Austin COVER: A portrait of Francisco Pizarro CHELSEA HOUSE PUBLISHERS VP, N EW P RODUCT DEVELOPMENT Sally Cheney DIRECTOR OF P RODUCTION Kim Shinners CREATIVE MANAGER Takeshi Takahashi MANUFACTURING MANAGER Diann Grasse Staff for FRANCISCO PIZARRO EXECUTIVE E DITOR Lee Marcott E DITORIAL ASSISTANT Carla Greenberg P RODUCTION E DITOR Noelle Nardone P HOTO E DITOR Sarah Bloom COVER AND I NTERIOR DESIGNER Keith Trego LAYOUT 21st Century Publishing and Communications, Inc. © 2006 by Chelsea House Publishers, a subsidiary of Haights Cross Communications. All rights reserved. Printed and bound in the United States of America. www.chelseahouse.com First Printing 987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Mountjoy, Shane, 1967– Francisco Pizarro and the conquest of the Inca/Shane Mountjoy. p. cm.—(Explorers of new lands) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-7910-8614-3 (hardcover) 1. Pizarro, Francisco, ca. 1475–1541—Juvenile literature. 2. Peru—History—Conquest, 1522–1548—Juvenile literature. 3. Incas—Juvenile literature. 4. Explorers—Peru—Biography— Juvenile literature. 5. Explorers—Spain—Biography—Juvenile literature. I. Title. II. Series F3442.P6725M68 2005 985'.02'092—dc22 2005007519 All links and web addresses were checked and verified to be correct at the time of publication. Because of the dynamic nature of the web, some addresses and links may have changed since publication and may no longer be valid. Table 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 of Contents Introduction by William H. Goetzmann vi An Important Choice 1 Pizarro and His World 10 Spain in the New World 25 Pizarro’s Early Experience in the New World 38 More Failures 53 The Inca Before Pizarro’s Conquest 71 The Conquest of Peru 90 Pizarro Struggles to Keep Control 106 The End of Pizarro 122 Chronology & Timeline 134 Notes 137 Bibliography 139 Further Reading 140 Index 141 Introduction by William H. Goetzmann Jack S. Blanton, Sr. Chair in History and American Studies University of Texas, Austin E xplorers have always been adventurers. They were, and still are, people of vision and most of all, people of curiosity. The English poet Rudyard Kipling once described the psychology behind the explorer’s curiosity: vi INTRODUCTION “Something hidden. Go and find it. Go and look behind the Ranges— Something lost behind the Ranges. Lost and waiting for you. Go!” 1 Miguel de Cervantes, the heroic author of Don Quixote, longed to be an explorer-conquistador. So he wrote a personal letter to King Phillip II of Spain asking to be appointed to lead an expedition to the New World. Phillip II turned down his request. Later