Globalization And Diversity: Geography Of A Changing World (2nd Edition)

ROWNMF01_0131756958.QXD 1/29/07 5:31 PM Page i GLOBALIZATION and DIVERSITY Geography of a Changing World SECOND EDITION LES ROWNTREE University of California, Berkeley MARTIN LEWIS Stanford University MARIE PRICE George Washington University WILLIAM WYCKOFF Montana State University Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 ROWNMF01_0131756958.QXD 1/30/07 7:46 PM Page ii Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Globalization and diversity : geography of a changing world / Les Rowntree . . . [et al.]. —2nd ed. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-13-175695-8 1. Economic geography. 2. Globalization. I. Rowntree, Lester HF1025.G59 2008 330.9—dc22 2007000494 Publisher: Daniel Kaveney Editor-in-Chief, Science: Nicole Folchetti Production Editor: Tim Flem, PublishWare Associate Editor: Amanda Brown Executive Managing Editor: Kathleen Schiaparelli Assistant Managing Editor: Beth Sweeten Marketing Manager: Amy Porubsky Media Editor: Andrew Sobel Creative Director: Juan Lopez Art Director: Jonathan Boylan Interior and Cover Design: Kasia Design Manufacturing Manager: Alexis Heydt-Long Senior Managing Editor, Art Production and Management: Patricia Burns Manager, Production Technologies: Matthew Haas Managing Editor, Art Management: Abigail Bass Art Production Editor: Rhonda Aversa Illustrations: Precision Graphics Cartographer: The GeoNova Group Manufacturing Buyer: Alan Fischer Editorial Assistants: John DeSantis, Jessica Neumann Director, Image Resource Center: Melinda Patelli Manager, Rights and Permissions: Zina Arabia Interior Image Specialist: Beth Brenzel Cover Image Specialist: Karen Sanatar Image Permission Coordinator: Debbie Latronica Photo Researcher: Jerry Marshall Cover Photograph: Rob Crandall/Rob Crandall, Photographer © 2008, 2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any other means, without permission in writing from the publisher. Pearson Prentice Hall™ is a trademark of Pearson Education, Inc. Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN 0-13-175695-8 Pearson Education Ltd., London Pearson Education Australia Pty., Limited, Sydney Pearson Education Singapore, Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education North Asia Ltd., Hong Kong Pearson Education Canada, Ltd., Toronto Pearson Educación de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education—Japan, Tokyo Pearson Education Malaysia, Pte. Ltd. ROWNMF01_0131756958.QXD 1/29/07 5:31 PM Page iii Brief Contents 1 1 Globalization and Diversity 2 The Changing Global Environment 3 North America 4 Latin America 5 The Caribbean 6 Sub-Saharan Africa 7 Southwest Asia and North Africa 8 Europe 9 The Russian Domain 32 46 78 114 144 188 222 258 292 10 Central Asia 11 East Asia 12 South Asia 13 Southeast Asia 14 Australia and Oceania 318 354 384 416 iii ROWNMF01_0131756958.QXD 1/29/07 5:31 PM Page iv ROWNMF01_0131756958.QXD 1/29/07 5:31 PM Page v Contents Preface 2 The Changing Global Environment x About the Authors xiii 32 Global Climates: An Uncertain Forecast 33 1Globalization and Diversity Diversity amid Globalization: A Geography for the 21st Century 1 World Climate Regions 33 • Global Warming 36 1 Human Impacts on Plants and Animals: