Chemistry: The Science In Context (second Edition)

E-Book Overview

The Second Edition of Chemistry provides an effective and easy-to-remember problem-solving strategy while placing the science in biological, cosmological, geological, and environmental context.An extensive teaching and learning package reinforces the book's emphasis on developing good problem-solving skills, from the SmartWork online tutorial and homework system to the animated and interactive ChemTours.

E-Book Content

W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. • www.NortonEbooks.com SECOND EDITION .------. --C-b-e Thomas R. Gilbert NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Rein V. Kirss NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY Natalie Foster LEHIGH UNIVERSITY Geoffrey Davies NORTHEASTERN W. w. UNIVERSITY NORTON & COMPANY NEW YORK· LONDON • TO OUR FAMILIES W. W. Norton & Company has been AND FRIENDS Copyright © 2009 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. independent since its founding in 1923, when William Warder Norton All rights reserved. and Mary D. Herter Norton first Printed in the United States of America published lectures delivered at the Second Edition People's Institute, the adult education division of New York City's Cooper Editor: Erik Fahlgren Union. The Nortons soon expanded Project editor: Carla L. Talmadge their program beyond the Institute, Marketing manager: Rob Bellinger publishing books by celebrated Editorial assistants: Matthew A. Freeman,JeffLarson, academics from America and abroad. Director of manufacturing, College: Roy Tedoff By mid-century, the two major pillars Managing editor, College: Marian Johnson of Norton's publishing program-trade Book designer: Rubina Yeh books and college texts-were Layout artist: Paul Lacy firmly established. In the 1950s, the Photo researcher: Neil Ryder Hoos Norton family transferred control of Editorial production assistance: Justine Cullinan the company to its employees, and Media editor: April E. Lange today-with Ancillaries editor: Lisa Rand a staff of four hundred and a comparable number of trade, Developmental editor: Richard Morel college, and professional titles Composition: TSI Graphics, Precision Graphics published each year-W. Illustration studio: Precision Graphics W. Norton Erin O'Brien & Company stands as the largest and Manufacturing: Courier, Kendallville oldest publishing house owned wholly Cover design: Scott Idleman/Blink by its employees. Cover images: Galaxy: Science Faction/Getty Images; Earth from Space: PLIIGetty Images; Bees: Getty Images; DNA: 3DClinic/Getty Images Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Chemistry: the science in context. - 2nd ed. / Thomas R. Gilbert ... [et al.l. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 978-0-393-92649-1 (hardcover) l. Chemistry. I. Gilbert, Thomas R. Chemistry. QP33.2.G55 2009 540-dc22 2007050388 W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110 www.wwnorton.com W. W. Norton & Company Ltd., Castle House, 75/76 Wells Street, London WIT 3QT 1234567890 Brief Contents 1 Matter, Energy, and the Origins of the Universe 1 2 Atoms, Ions, and Compounds 41 3 Chemical Reactions and Earth's Composition 80 4 Solution Chemistry and the Hydrosphere 129 5 Thermochemistry 183 6 Properties of Gases: The Air We Breathe 237
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