ADVANCES IN GENETICS VOLUME 11 Edited by E. W. CASPARI Biological laborafories The University of Rochesfer Rochester, New York and J. M. THODAY Deparfment of Genefics University of Cambridge Cambridge, England Editorial Board G. W. BEADLE WILLIAM C. BOYD M. DEMEREC TH. DOBZHANSKY 1. C. DUNN MERLE T. JENKINS JAY 1. LUSH ALFRED MIRSKY J. T. PATTERSON M. M. RHOADES CURT STERN 1962 ACADEMIC PRESS NEW YORK AND LONDON [email protected] 1962 BY ACADEMIC PRESSINC. All Rights Resewed N o part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers. ACADEMIC PRESS INC. 111 FIFTHAVENUE NEW YORK 3, N. Y. United Kingdom Edition PUBLISHED BY ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON)LTD. 17 OLD QUEENSTREET,LONDONS.W. 1 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 47430313 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 11 W. F. BODMER,* Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England ALLAN M. CAMPBELL, Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, N e w Y o r k RALPHE. CLELAND, Department of Botany, I n d i a n a University, Bloomington, I n d i a n a A. W. F. EDWARDS t, Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England D. A. HOPWOOD, $ Botany School, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England P. LISSOUBA, Laboratoire de GhnQtiquePhysiologique d u Centre National de l a Recherche Scienti$que, Gif-sur- Yvette (Seine et Oise), France J. MOUSSEAU, Laboratoire de GCnitique Physiologique du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette (Seine et Oise), France P. A. PARSONS, 5 Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England G. RIZET,Laboratoire de GhnBtique Physiologique d u Centre National de l a Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur- Yvette (Seine et Oise), France J. L. ROSSIGNOL, Laboratoire de GBnCtique Physiologique d u Centre National de l a Recherche Scientifique, Gif-sur- Yvette (Seine et Oise), France G. SERMONTI, Istituto Superiore d i Sanitd, Rome, Italy * Present address: Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California. I. Present address: Istituto di Genetica, Universita di Pavia, Pavia, Italy. 1Present address: Department of Genetics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland. 0 Present address: Melbourne University, Melbourne, Australia. V EPISOMES . Allan M Campbell Page Department of Biology. University of Rochester. Rochester. New York I . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . General Properties of Episomes . . . . . . . . . . B . Brief Description of Episomes Other than Phage . . . . . C . General Remarks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I1. The Autonomous State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A. Vegetative Replication of Virulent and Temperate Bacteriophages B. The Carrier State of Phage . . . . . . . . . . . . C. Episomes Other than Phages . . . . . . . . . . . I11. The Integrated State . . . . . . . . . . . . A . Chromosomal Localization of Phage and Other Episomes . . . B. Mode of Attachment of the Prophage to the Bacterial Chromosome IV. Immunity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A . Superinfection Immunity and Repression . . . . . . . . B . Cytoplasmic Nature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . C . Genetic Determination of Immunity . . . . . . . . D . Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . E . Episomes Other than Phage . . . . . . . . . . . V. Lysogenization Transition from the Vegetative to the Integrated State A . Infection of Sensitive Cells by Temperate Phage . . . . . B . The Decision Not t