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This volume is a collection of papers presented at the 14th International Conference on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, Helsinki, 26 - 30 August 1996. The first conference of this series took place in Dublin (1955); second, Basel and Locarno (1956); third, Cambridge (1958); fourth, Frankfurt am Main and Heidelberg (1961); fifth, Clermont-Ferrand and Tolouse (1963); sixth, Albany and University Park (1966); seventh, Prague and Vienna (1969); eighth, Leningrad (1973); ninth, Galway (1977); tenth, Hamburg (1981); eleventh Budapest (1984); twelfth, Vienna (1988); thirteenth, Salt Lake City (1992). The Atmospheric Aerosol conference has been held jointly with the Nucleation Symposium since 1988 in Vienna in order to stimulate contacts between researchers in these closely related fields. The broad nature of the meeting and the scientific program resulted in 32 countries submitting papers for presentation. Covering both experimental and theoretical studies these papers are divided amongst the chapters on Nucleation, Stratospheric Aerosols and Ice Nucleation, Tropospheric Aerosols and Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interaction. In addition to these contributed papers invitations to present a plenary lecture on topics of particular current interest were accepted by P.J. Crutzen, J. Gras, J.L. Katz, A.A. Lushnikov, D. Oxtoby, J.E. Penner, Th. Peter, F. Raes, S.E. Schwartz, R. Strey and G. Vali. These plenary papers together with the contributed papers provide a well-balanced perspective of the current research over the entire field and highlight some important issues.
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N U C L E A T I O N AND ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS 1996
R e l a t e d Titles
Books
BRADEN and KOLSTAD Measuring the Demand for Environmental Quality BROWN Air Filtration HOPKE Receptor Modelling for Air Quality Management MASUADA and TAKAHASHI Aerosols, Proceedings of the Third International Aerosol Conference VINCENT Aerosol Science for Industrial Hygienists WILLIAMS and LOYALKA Aerosol Science" Theory and Practice ZANNETTI et al. Air Pollution
Journals
Journal of Aerosol Science Aerosol Science and Technology Annals of Occupational Hygiene Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Atmospheric Environment Atmospheric Research Environmental Health and Pollution Control Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics Occupational Health and Industrial Medicine Full details of all Elsevier Science publications and free specimen copies of any Elsevier Science journals are available on request from your nearest Elsevier office.
N U C L E A T I O N AND ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS 1996 Edited by
Markku Kulmala Department of Physics University of Helsinki Finland
and
Paul E. Wagner Institut ffir Experimentalphysik Universitfit Wien Austria
Proceedings of The Fourteenth International Conference on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols
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Copyright 9 1996 Elsevier Science Limited All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means. electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without permission in writing from the publisher.
First edition 1996
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library I