Phanerozoic Ironstones (geological Society Special Publication)

Phanerozoic Ironstones Geological Society Special Publications Series Editor K. COE Thin section of an ooidal grain-ironstone from the Cleveland Ironstone Formation of Eston Nab, near Middlesborough, Teeside, England. This section was made in 1856 by Henry Clifton Sorby (1826- 1908), the Sheffield scientist who established the modern science of petrography through the study of rocks in thin section. The section is housed in the collections of the Department of Geology, University of Sheffield. The specimen has berthierine ooids with, and partly replaced by, a siderite cement. Section viewed in plane-polarised light, x 180. GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY SPECIAL PUBLICATION Phanerozoic Ironstones EDITED BY T. P. Y O U N G Department of Geology University of Wales College of Cardiff W. E. G O R D O N T A Y L O R Faculty of Applied Sciences Luton College of Higher Education Luton 1989 Published by The Geological Society London NO 46 THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Geological Society of London was founded in 1807 for the purposes of 'investigating the mineral structures of the earth'. It received its Royal Charter in 1825. The Society promotes all aspects of geological science by means of meetings, special lectures and courses, discussions, specialist groups, publications and library services. It is expected that candidates for Fellowship will be graduates in geology or another earth science, or have equivalent qualifications or experience. All Fellows are entitled to receive for their subscription one of the Society's three journals: The Quarterly Journal o f Engineering Geology, t he Journal o f the Geological Society or Marine and Petroleum Geology. On payment of an additional sum on the annual subscription, members may obtain copies of another journal. Membership of the specialist groups is open to all Fellows without additional charge. Enquiries concerning Fellowship of the Society and membership of the specialist groups should be directed to the Executive Secretary, The Geological Society, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London W 1V 0JU. Published by the Geological Society from: The Geological Society Publishing House Unit 7 Brassmill Enterprise Centre Brassmill Lane Bath Avon BAI 3JN UK (Orders: Tel. 0225 445046) First published 1989 ?3The Geological Society 1989. All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with the written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1956 (as amended) or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 33-34 Alfred Place, London WCIE 7DP. Users registered with Copyright Clearance Center: this publication is registered with CCC, 27 Congress St., Salem, MA 01970, USA. 0305-8719/89 $03.00. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Phanerozoic ironstones 1. Phanerozoic strata. Ironstone 1. Young, Timothy Peter 1959-. If. Taylor, William Edward Gordon 1941 Ili. Geological Society of London IV. Series 551 ISBN 0-903317-43-5 Printed in Great Britain at the Alden Press, Oxford Contents YOUNG, T. P. & TAYLOR, W. E. G. Preface vii YOUNG, T. P. Phanerozoic ironstones: an introduction and review ix Geochemical and Mineralogical Framework VELDE, B. Phyllosilicate formation in berthierine peloids and iron oolites 3 HARDER, H. Mineral genesis in ironstones: a model based upon laboratory experiments and petrographic observations 9 SPEARS, D. A. Aspects of iron incorporation into sediments with special reference to the Yorkshire Ironstones 19 Stratigraphic Patterns VAN HOUTEN, F. B. & ARTHUR, M. A. Te