E-Book Overview
This lab guide helps readers learn to make wise choices for sustainability in a finite, changing, and geologically active world. Eighteen exercises cover many current issues in environmental geology and are introduced in four sections. Earth’s Materials, Geologic Time, and Geologic Processes; Maps, Aerial Photographs and Satellite Images; Measurements, Basic Calculations and Conversions, and Graphs; Volcanoes, Volcanic Products, and Volcanic Hazards; Hazards of Mount St. Helens; Earthquake Epicenters, Intensities, Risks, Faults, Nonstructural Hazards and Preparation; The Loma Prieta Earthquake of 1989, and Forecasting Earthquakes in the Bay Region; Landslides and Avalanches; Subsidence; River Floods; Coastal Hazards; Groundwater Hydrology; Water Quality Data and Pollution Sources; Lake and River Contamination from Industrial Waste; Groundwater and Surface Water Contamination from Resource Extraction; Groundwater Overdraft and Saltwater Intrusion; Geology and Regional Planning; Global Change and Sustainability. A hands-on reference for anyone who wants to make more informed choices, and review information critically, about the environment.
E-Book Content
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Foley, Duncan. Investigations in environmental geology / Duncan Foley, Garry D. McKenzie, Russell O. Utgard. — 3rd ed. p. cm. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-142064-9 ISBN-10: 0-13-142064-X I. Environmental geology—Textbooks. I. McKenzie, Garry D. II. Utgard, Russell O. III. Title. QE38.F66 2009 550—dc22 2008031528 Publisher, Geosciences: Daniel Kaveney Acquisitions Editor: Dm Peters Editor-in-Chief, Science: Nicole Folchetti Project Manager: Crissy Dudonis Assistant Editor: Sean Hale Media Editor: Andrew Sobel Marketing Manager: Amy Porubsky Editorial Assistant: Kristen Sanchez Managing Editor, Science: Gina M. Cheselka In-House Production Liaison: Ed Thomas Full Service Vendor/Production Editor: Pine Tree Composition/Patty Donovan Senior Operations Supervisor: Alan Fischer Image Permission Coordinator: Elaine Soares Composition: Easerwords, Inc. Art Editor: Connie Eong Art Studio: Precision Graphics
© 2 0 0 9 , 1 9 9 9 , 1 9 9 3 by Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice-Hall Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, in any form or by any means, without permission in writing from the Publisher.
ISBN-ID D-13-m2Dt4-X ISBN-13 17fl-D-13-mEDt4- l t
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Preface
v
I Introduction to Geology Exercise 1.
1
Earth Materials, Geologic Time, and Geologic Processes
3
Exercise 2.
Maps, Aerial Photographs, and Satellite Images
Exercise 3.
Measurements, Basic Calculations and Conversions, and Graphs
19 36
II Introduction to Geologic Hazards 45 Exercise 4.
Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards
Exercise 5.
Hazards of Mount St. Helens
52
Exercise 6.
Earthquake Epicenters, Intensities, Risks, Faults,
69
Nonstructural Hazards and Preparation Exercise 7.
The Loma Prieta Earthquake of 1989
Exercise 8.
Landslides and Avalanches
Exercise 9.
Subsidence
102
114
141
Exercise 10. River Floods
154
Exercise 11. Coastal Hazards
174
III Water Resources and Contamination Exercise 12. Groundwater Hydrology