Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks (geological Society Special Publication)

Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks Geological Society Special Publications Series Editor K. C 0 E GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY SPECIAL PUBLICATION Lacustrine Petroleum Source Rocks EDITED BY A. J. F L E E T Exploration and Production Division B.P. Research International K. K E L T S Geology Section EAWAG/ETH Switzerland M. R. T A L B O T Geology Institute University of Bergen I 2 UN 1988 Published for The Geological Society by Blackwell Scientific Publications OXFORD LONDON EDINBURGH BOSTON P A L O A L T O M E L B O U R N E NO 40 Published for The Geological Society by Blackwell Scientific Publications Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL (Orders: Tel. 0865 240201) 8 John Street, London WC1 2ES 23 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh EH3 6AJ 3 Cambridge Center, Suite 208, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA 667 Lytton Avenue, Palo Alto, California 94301, USA 107 Barry Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053, Australia DISTRIBUTORS USA Blackwell Scientific Publications Inc. PO Box 50009, Palo Alto California 94303 (Orders: Tel. (415) 965-4081) Canada Oxford University Press 70 Wynford Drive Don Mills Ontario M3C 1J9 (Orders: Tel. (416) 441-2941) First published 1988 9 1988 The Geological Society. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by The Geological Society for libraries and other users registered with the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC) Transactional Reporting Service, providing that a base fee of $03.00 per copy is paid directly to CCC, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970, USA. 0305-8719/88 $03.00 Typeset, printed and bound in Great Britain by William Clowes Limited, Beccles and London Australia Blackwell Scientific Publications (Australia) Pty Ltd. 107 Barry Street, Carlton, Victoria 3053 (Orders: Tel. (03) 347 0300) British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Lacustrine petroleum source rocks.-(Geological Society special publication ISSN 0305-8719). 1. Lacustrine sediments. Petroleum deposits I. Fleet, A. J. (Andy J) II. Kelts, K. III. Talbot, M.R. IV. Series 553.2'82 ISBN0-632-01803-8 Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Lacustrine petroleum source rocks. (Geological Society special publication, ISSN 0305-8719; no. 40). Includes index. 1. Petroleum--Geology. 2. Paleolimnology. I. Fleet, A.J. II. Kelts, K.R. III. Talbot, M.R. IV. Geological Society of London. V. Series. TN870.5.L22 1988 553.2'82 88-2870 ISBN 0-632-01803-8 Contents Introduction Acknowledgements vii xi Part I: Tectonic, Geological, Geochemical and Biological Framework KELTS, K. Environments of deposition of lacustrine petroleum source rocks: an introduction 3 TALLING, J. F. Modern phytoplankton production in African lakes* 27 TALBOT, M. R. The origins of lacustrine oil source rocks: evidence from the lakes of tropical Africa 29 DE DECKKER, P. Large Australian lakes during the last 20 million years: sites for petroleum source rock or metal ore deposition, or both? 45 OREMLAND, R. S., CLOERN, J. E., SOFER, Z., SMITH, R. L., CULBERTSON, C. W., ZEHR, J., MILLER, L., COLE, B., HARVEY, R., IVERSEN, N., KLUG, M., DES MARAIS, D. J. & RAU, G. Microbial and biogeochemical processes in Big Soda Lake, Nevada 59 SUMMERHAYES,C. P. Predicting palaeoclimates* 77 Part II: Palaeoenvironmental Indicators KATZ, B. J. Clastic and carbonate lacustrine systems: an organic geochemical comparison (Green River Formation and East African lake sediments) 81 VANDENBROUCKE,M. & BEHAR, F. Geochemical characterization of the organic matter from some recent sediments by a pyrolysis technique 91