AS Level Law
CP Cavendish Publishing Limited
London • Sydney
AS Level Law Mary Collins, LLB, LLM, PGCE Solicitor and Senior Lecturer in Law University of Plymouth
CP Cavendish Publishing Limited
London • Sydney
Third edition first published in Great Britain 2000 by Cavendish Publishing Limited, The Glass House, Wharton Street, London WC1X 9PX, United Kingdom. Telephone: +44 (0) 20 7278 8000 Facsimile: +44 (0) 20 7278 8080 E-mail:
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This title was previously published as Lecture Notes on A Level Law: Paper I © Collins, M First edition Second edition
2000 1994 1997
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Collins, Mary AS Level Law – 3rd ed 1 Law – England 2 Law – Wales I Title 349.4'2 ISBN 1 85941 596 2 Printed and bound in Great Britain
PREFACE This text aims to cover the new Law Advanced Subsidiary syllabuses of the Assessment and Quality Agency (AQA) and the Oxford, Cambridge and Royal Society of Arts Combined Examination Boards (OCR). Each syllabus is in three parts: the AQA has three modules (Law Making, Dispute Solving and The Concept of Liability in Crime and Tort); and the OCR has three units (Machinery of Justice, Legal Personnel and Sources of Law). The AQA syllabus is wider than the OCR, as it includes the concept of liability. Each of these main areas is dealt with in this book in what is hoped to be both an interesting and stimulating way, so as to encourage students to progress from this level and further develop their knowledge and understanding of law and how it operates in society. This is a very exciting time to be embarking on a study of the law. Not only will students be given a broader introduction to the study of law via the AS level course, but the legal system is in a state of major change and reform. Several changes in legislation and judicial precedent have already occurred, but more are planned and students are encouraged to follow these developments, not only in their reading, but also through the media and, in parti