American Diversity: A Demographic Challenge For The Twenty-first Century

American Diversity This page intentionally left blank. American Diversity A Demographic Challenge for the Twenty-first Century EDITED BY Nancy A. Denton and Stewart E. Tolnay State University of New York Press Published by State University of New York Press, Albany © 2002 State University of New York All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission. No part of this book may be stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means including electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise without the prior permission in writing of the publisher. For information, address State University of New York Press, 90 State Street, Suite 700, Albany, NY 12207. Production by Diane Ganeles Marketing by Patrick Durocher Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data American diversity : a demographic challenge for the twenty-first century / Nancy A. Denton and Stewart E. Tolnay, editors. p. cm. Papers presented at the 13th annual Albany Conference, “American Diversity: a democratic challenge for the twenty-first century.” Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 0-7914-5397-9 (alk. paper) – ISBN 0-7914-5398-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Pluralism (Social sciences)–Congresses. 2. United States–Population–Congresses. 3. United States–Ethnic relations–Congresses. 4. United States–Race relations–Congresses. 5. Minorities–United States–Social conditions–Congresses. 6. Ethnicity–United States–Congresses. I. Denton, Nancy A. II. Tolnay, Stewart Emory. E184.A1 A6325 2002 305.8’009373–dc21 2001049418 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Contents List of Figures vii List of Tables ix Acknowledgments xiii Introduction: Multicultural Insights from the Study of Demography Nancy A. Denton and Stewart E. Tolnay 1 Part I. Population: The Initial Numbers Chapter 1. The Social Construction of Race and Ethnicity: Some Examples from Demography Mary C. Waters 25 Chapter 2. Race and Ethnic Population Projections: A Critical Evaluation of Their Content and Meaning Charles Hirschman 51 Part II. Basic Demographic Processes and Diversity Chapter 3. The New Immigration and Ethnicity in the United States Douglas S. Massey 75 Chapter 4. Racial and Ethnic Fertility Differentials in the United States Gray Swicegood and S. Philip Morgan 99 Chapter 5. Mortality Differentials in a Diverse Society Richard G. Rogers 129 Part III. Life Cycle and Diversity Chapter 6. Housing Segregation: Policy Issues for an Increasingly Diverse Society Michael J. White and Eileen Shy v 159 vi Contents Chapter 7. Education and Employment in a Diverse Society: Generating Inequality through the School-to-Work Transition V. Joseph Hotz and Marta Tienda 185 Chapter 8. Ethnic and Racial Intermarriage in the United States: Old and New Regimes Gillian Stevens and Michael K. Tyler 221 Chapter 9. Sixty-five Plus in the U.S.A. Cynthia M. Taeuber 243 Part IV. Implications and Conclusions Chapter 10. Rethinking American Diversity: Conceptual and Theoretical Challenges for Racial and Ethnic Demography Hayward Derrick Horton 261 Contributors 279 Name Index 281 Subject Index 287 Figures Figure 1.1 1990 Census Questions on Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ancestry 28 Figure 1.2 Pr