E-Book Overview
Urban planners who need to design information systems require an understanding of systems analysis, data acquisition and GIS. In recent times the need has been to make computer-based maps by using a GIS, but planners now need tools for co-operative work using groupware systems, for global visualization and real-time monitoring of urban activities and phenomena. Planners have moved beyond drawing land use plans, to examining the evolution of urban activities to monitor and analyze urban societal and environmental problems.Both practitioners and students will find this book useful, provided they have an adequate grounding in computing, data analysis and GIS and they are looking to use and design computer systems for developing maps and written statements for city planning. Therefore, novel tools like using multimedia information systems and GIS will become an increasingly important, eventually essential part of the job.
E-Book Content
INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR URBAN PLANNING
INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR URBAN PLANNING A hypermedia co-operative approach
Robert Laurini
London and New York
First published 2001 by Taylor & Francis 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Taylor & Francis Inc, 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001–2299 Taylor & Francis is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2003. © 2001 Robert Laurini All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the advice and information in this book is true and accurate at the time of going to press. However, neither the publisher nor the author can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. In the case of drug administration, any medical procedure or the use of technical equipment mentioned within this book, you are strongly advised to consult the manufacturer’s guidelines. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Laurini, Robert. Information systems for urban planning: a hypermedia co-operative approach/Robert Laurini p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. City planning—Data processing. I. Title. HT166.L383 2001 307.1’2’0286–dc21 ISBN 0-203-48506-8 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 0-203-79330-7 (Adobe eReader Format) ISBN 0–7484–0963–7 (hbk) 0–7484–0964–5 (pbk)
00–057713
CONTENTS
Foreword by Michael Batty Preface
ix xv
1 Systems analysis of the urban planning processes
1
1.1 Modelling cities as general systems 1 1.2 Urban problem solving 8 1.3 Decision-support systems 10 1.4 Urban plan-making 13 1.5 Urban planning versus urban management of sustainable cities 18 1.6 Role of information systems 25 1.7 Urban planning as a co-operation process 34 1.8 Urban planning in different countries 39 1.9 Conclusions 39 2 Design methodologies for information systems 2.1 Data, information, knowledge and metadata 41 2.2 Modelling levels (external, conceptual, logical) 44 2.3 Conceptual modelling: the entity-relationship approach 47 2.4 Logical modelling: relational databases 49 2.5 Spatial pictograms 53 2.6 Entity relationship model with entity pictograms 54 2.7 Object-oriented spatial databases 55 2.8 Object-oriented database design methodology 61 2.9 Presentation of OMEGA 64 2.10 Extended relational formalism 66 2.11 Misrepresentation 68 2.12 Conclusions 69 v
41
CONTENTS