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From the Reviews of Previous Volumes"In reviewing this volume as a whole, one is struck by the quality and scholarship of the various chapters and the obviously efficient editing."-PARASITOLOGY"The policy of the editors of Advances in Parasitology to include reviews from any aspect of parasitology and the high standard of individual papers have resulted in this series of volumes becoming an indispensable source for students, teachers, and research workers."-ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY
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Advances in PARASITOLOGY VOLUME 33 Editorial Board C. Bryant Department of Zoology, Australian National University, G.P.O. BOX4, Canberra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia C. C o m b Laboratoire de Biologie Animale, Universitt de Perpignan, Avenue de Villeneuve, 66860 Perpignan Cedex, France J.P. Kreier Department of Microbiology, College of Biological Sciences, Ohio State University, 484 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1292, USA W.H.R. Lumsden 17A Merchiston Crescent, Edinburgh EHlO 5AX, UK E.J.L. soulsby Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Madingley Road, Cambridge CB3 OES, UK K.S. Warren Comprehensive Medical Systems, Inc., 461 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10017, USA P. Wenk Tropenmedizinisches Institut, Universitat Tubingen, D7400 Tubingen 1, Wilhelmstrasse 31, Federal Republic of Germany M. Yokogawa Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan Advances in PARASITOLOGY Edited by J.R. BAKER Cambridge, England and R. MULLER International Institute of Parasitology St Albans, England VOLUME 33 ACADEMIC PRESS Harcourt Brace & Company, Publishers London San Diego New York Boston Sydney Tokyo Toronto ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED 24/28 Oval Road LONDON NW1 7DX United States Edition pubhhed by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. San Diego CA 92101 Copyright 0 1994, by ACADEMIC PRESS LIMITED This book is printed on acid-free paper All R i g h Resewed No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0-12-031733-8 Typeset by J&L Composition Ltd, Filey, North Yorkshire Printed in Great Britain by T.J. Press (Padstow) Ltd, Padstow, Cornwall CONTRIBUTORS TO VOLUME 33 I. BURGESS, Medical Entomology Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Road, Fulbourn, Cambridge, CBI 5EL, UK A. CHABAUD,Biologie Parasitaire, Muskum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 61 Rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France B . FRIED, Department of Biology, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042, USA I . LANDAU,Biologie Parasitaire, Muskum National &Histoire Naturelle, 61 Rue Buffon, 75231 Paris cedex 05, France F. MILORD,Direction gknkrale de la santk publique, de la Monte'rkgie, 25 Soul. Taschereau, Greenfield Park (Qukbec) J4V 2G8, Canada J . PEPIN,Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 3001, 122me Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Qukbec JlH 5N4, Canada K . ROHDE, Department of Zoology, University of New England, Armidale NSW 2351, Australia V This Page Intentionally Left Blank PREFACE In this volume we have tried, as usual, to provide a mixture of parasitological topics with, we hope, something to interest everyone. The volume starts with a thorough and up-to-the-minute review of chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis by Drs J. PCpin and F. Milord in QuCbec, Canada. This is a particularly timely review because the political upheavals in parts of subSaharan Africa in the last decade or so have resulted in a resurgence of epidemics of sleeping sickness, and also because some new drugs are at last coming into use - although unfortuna