ANNUAL REVIEW OF N M R SPECTROSCOPY This Page Intentionally Left Blank ANNUAL REVIEW OF NMR SPECTROSCOPY Edited by E. F. MOONEY Department of Chemistry, The University, Birmingham, England Volume 1 A C A D E M I C PRESS London and New York 1968 ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON) LTD. Berkeley Square House Berkeley Square London W.l. U.S. Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. 111 Fifth Avenue New York, New York 10003 Copyright 01968 by ACADEMIC PRESS INC. (LONDON) LTD. All Rights Reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by photostat, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publishers Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 68-17678 PRINTED I N GREAT BRITAIN BY SPOTTISWOODE, BALLANTYNE & CO. L T D COLCHESTER AND LONDON LIST O F CONTRIBUTORS E. 0. BISHOP,Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brzghton, Sussex, England G. E. HALL,Physical Chemistry Section, Unilever Research Laboratory, Colworth House, Shambrook, Beds., England R. A. Y. JONES,School of Chemical Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, England W. MCFARLANE,Department of Chemistry, Sir John Cass College, Jewry Street, London E.C.3, England E. F. MOONEY, Department of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham 15, England P. R. SEWELL, ChemicalResearch Department, Dunlop Research Centre, The Dunlop Co. Ltd, Kingsbury Road, Birmingham 24, England W.A. THOMAS, Department of Chemistry, University College of Swansea, Singleton Park, Swansea, Glamorgan, S. Wales P. H. WINSON,Department of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, P.O. Box 363, Birmingham 15, England ACKNOWLEDGMENTS For permission to reproduce, in whole or in part, certain figures and diagrams we are grateful to the following publishersAmerican Chemical Society; American Institute of Physics ;Butterworths ; The Chemical Society; CSIRO; Die Makromolekulare Chemie; The Faraday Society; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; National Research Council of Canada; Pergamon Press Ltd; Society for Applied Spectroscopy; Taylor and Francis Ltd; John Wiley & Sons Inc. Detailed acknowledgments are given in the captions to figures. PREFACE The Annual Reviews of N.M.R. Spectroscopy are intended to assist organic, inorganic and analytical chemists, as well as n.m.r. spectroscopists, in keeping abreast with what is one of the most rapidly expanding techniques being used in every branch of chemistry. T h e reviews will be essentially of two kinds: one will be specifically review articles summarizing the work that has been published on a particular topic over a period of time; the other will deal with some specialized aspect that is either capable of more extensive application or is thought to be of more than general interest. Volume 1 covers the literature up to the end of 1966. I am sure many will have raised their hands in horror at the thought of yet another book having the title Annual Review of, or Progress in, chemistry. However, so many of my colleagues thought that such a book in the field of n.m.r., written expressly with the practising chemist in mind, would be invaluable, that we have launched the present series. It will be immediately apparent to all those who are familiar with the Annual Reviews of the Chemical Society that the format of this series is based upon these long-establishedreviews. It is anticipated that the yearly feature will be the general review of proton n.m.r., and other topics, for example fluorine-19 n.m.r. spectroscopy and conformational analysis, will be reviewed every two or three years as seems appropriate. Although it will not be long before much of our information retrieval is computerized, it will still be necessary t