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Chirality in Natural and Applied Science W. J. Lough I.W. Wainer, Editors Blackwell Science Chirality in Natural and Applied Science This page intentionally left blank Chirality in Natural and Applied Science Edited by W. J. Lough Institute of Pharmacy and Chemistry University of Sunderland UK and I.W. Wainer National Institute on Aging National Institutes of Health Baltimore USA Blackwell Science CRC Press © 2002 by Blackwell Science Ltd, a Blackwell Publishing Company Editorial Offices: Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL, UK Tel.+44(0)1865206206 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd, 550 Swanston Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia 7W. +61 (0)3 9347 0300 Blackwell Wissenschafts Verlag, Kurfurstendamm 57, 10707 Berlin, Germany Tel: +49 (0)30 32 79 060 ISBN 0-632-05435-2 A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library Published in the USA and Canada (only) by CRC Press LLC 2000 Corporate Blvd., N.W. Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA Orders from the USA and Canada (only) to CRC Press LLC USA and Canada only: 0-8493-2434-3 The right of the Author to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. First published 2002 by Blackwell Science Ltd Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books, Bodmin, Cornwall For further information on Blackwell Science, visit our website: www.blackwell-science.com Contributors L.D. Barren Department of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, University Avenue, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK L. Di Bari Centre di Studio del C.N.R. per le Macromolecole Stereordinate ed Otticamente Attive, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Universita di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy J. Greer Pharmaceutical Discovery, Abbott Laboratories, Illinois, USA W.A. K6nig Institut fur Organische Chemie, UniversitSt Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany W.J. Lough Institute of Pharmacy and Chemistry, University of Sunderland, Sunderland SRI 3SD, UK A.J. MacDermott Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK S.F. Mason Department of Chemistry, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK, and Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3RH, UK D.D. Miller Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA K. Mislow Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA K. Mori Department of Chemistry, Science University of Tokyo, Japan P.N. Patil Division of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Parks Hall, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA C. Rosini Dipartimento di Chimica University della Basilicata a Potenza, 85100Potenza, Italy P. Salvadori Centre di Studio del C.N.R. per le Macromolecole Stereordinate ed Otticamente Attive, Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Universita di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy D.J. Triggle The Graduate School, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo NY 14260-1200, USA I.W. Wainer Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health,