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STRATEGIES AND APPLICATIONS IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY TOPICS IN MOLECULAR ORGANIZATION AND ENGINEERING The titles published in this series are listed at the end of this volume. Strategies and Applications in Quantum Chemistry From Molecular Astrophysics to Molecular Engineering edited by Y. ELLINGER Ecole Normale Supérieure & Observatoire de Paris, Paris, France and M. DEFRANCESCHI Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Saclay, France KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS NEWYORK, BOSTON, DORDRECHT, LONDON, MOSCOW eBook ISBN: Print ISBN: 0-306-46930-8 0-792-33837-5 ©2002 Kluwer Academic Publishers New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow All rights reserved No part of this eBook may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, recording, or otherwise, without written consent from the Publisher Created in the United States of America Visit Kluwer Online at: and Kluwer's eBookstore at: http://www.kluweronline.com http://www.ebooks.kluweronline.com Introduction to the Series The Series ‘Topics in Molecular Organization and Engineering’ was initiated by the Symposium ‘Molecules in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology’, which was held in Paris in 1986. Appropriately dedicated to Professor Raymond Daudel, the symposium was both broad in its scope and penetrating in its detail. The sections of the symposium were: 1. The Concept of a Molecule; 2. Statics and Dynamics of Isolated Molecules; 3. Molecular Interactions, Aggregates and Materials; 4. Molecules in the Biological Sciences, and 5. Molecules in Neurobiology and Sociobiology. There were invited lectures, poster sessions and, at the end, a wideranging general discussion, appropriate to Professor Daudel’s long and distinguished career in science and his interests in ph