E-Book Overview
Charles Scribner’s Sons presents The Renaissance: An Encyclopedia for Students, a condensed version of ER written especially for students. Like ER, it covers people and events beginning in Italy about 1350, then broadens geographically to embrace the rest of Europe in the middle to late fifteenth century. The coverage ends around 1620, when Europe once again moved into a new age with different values andevents. Between these dates the encyclopedia discusses important political events, concepts, ideas, works of art and literature, and scientific achievements across Europe. It incorporates the most recent scholarship on these subjects. In particular, it addresses the three most important developments in the study of the Renaissance in the second half of the twentieth century: the numerous studies of humanism throughout Europe, the increased concentration on the social history of the Renaissance, and the study of the many roles of women. The Renaissance: An Encyclopedia for Students provides comprehensive discussions of all aspects of the European Renaissance. Coverage of the rest of the world is limited to how Europeans influenced other continents, and discussion of the Protestant and Catholic Reformations is limited to the way they affected the Renaissance and vice versa.
E-Book Content
AN ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR STUDENTS e e e e e e e e e e e e AN ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR STUDENTS Paul F. Grendler, Editor in Chief PUBLISHED IN ASSOCIATION WITH THE RENAISSANCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA Volume 1 ACADEMIES—CROMWELL The Renaissance An Encyclopedia for Students Paul F. Grendler, Editor in Chief Copyright © 2004 Charles Scribner’s Sons. Developed for Charles Scribner’s Sons by Visual Education Corporation, Princeton, N.J. For Scribners IMAGING AND MULTIMEDIA: Lezlie Light, Robyn Young, Mary Grimes, Dave Oblender, Leitha Etheridge-Sims, Dan Newell, Christine O’Bryan COMPOSITION: Evi Seoud PUBLISHER: Frank Menchaca MANUFACTURING: Rhonda Williams EDITORS: John Fitzpatrick, Sharon Malinowski COVER AND INTERIOR DESIGN: Jennifer Wahi ALL RIGHTS RESERVED No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means—graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, Web distribution, or information storage retrieval systems—without the written permission of the publisher. EDITORS: Tobey Cloyd, Cindy George, John Kennedy ASSOCIATE EDITOR: Sarah Miller For Visual Education Corporation COPYEDITING SUPERVISOR: Helen Castro PROJECT DIRECTORS: Darryl Kestler, Amy Livingston ELECTRONIC PREPARATION: Fiona Shapiro For more information, contact Charles Scribner’s Sons 300 Park Avenue South New York, NY 10010 Or visit our Internet site at http://www.gale.com/scribners For permission to use material from this product, submit your request via Web at http://www.gale-edit.com/permissions, or you may download our Permissions Request form and submit your request by fax or mail to: Since this page cannot legibly accommodate all copyright notices, the acknowledgments constitute an extension of the copyright notice. Gale and Design™ and Thomson Learning™ are trademarks used herein under license. WRITERS: John Haley, Mark Mussari, Charles Roebuck, Rebecca Stefoff Permissions Department The Gale Group, Inc. 27500 Drake Rd. Farmington Hills, MI 48331-3535 Permissions Hotline: 248-699-8006 or 800-762-4058 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG-IN-PUBLICATION DATA The Renaissance : an encyclopedia for students / Paul F. Grendler. p. cm Summary: An encyclopedia of the Renaissance with articles on various aspects of social, cultural, and political h