Toc: Principles of Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics bksec0_2 Copyright Contributors Editor Biographies Preface Supplementary data Introduction 1. The Nature of Traits, Genes and Variation Glossary Phenotypic Traits Gene, Genome, Genotype, and Phenotype Types of Traits: Discrete Traits and Continuous Traits Mendelian Transmission and Polygenic Inheritance: QTLs and Heritability Key Concepts About Gene Interaction Human Genomic Variation The Landscape of the Human Genome Interindividual Genetic Variation Functional Significance of Genetic Variation Suggested Reading 2. Molecular Biology of Genetic Variants Glossary Human Genome Structure Frequency and Relevance of Genomic Variation Types of Genomic Variation Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Deletions, Insertions, and Repeats Complex Patterns of Genomic Variability Haplotypes Hemizygosity Copy Number Variants References 3. Regulation of Gene Expression Glossary Introduction Interplay Between Chromatin Structure and Transcription Factor-DNA Interactions in the Regulation of Gene Expression Transcription of Protein-Coding Genes: General Aspects Pol II Core Promoters PIC Assembly and Transcription Initiation Subsequent Steps in Transcription Chromatin Remodeling and Remodelers Signals and Mechanisms in Transcription Regulation Control of Gene Expression by Di