GENERAL STUDIES Paper-I For the Civil Services Preliminary Examination General Science (Volume IV) Edgar Thorpe Showick Thorpe Volume IV FM.indd 1 11/18/2015 3:26:46 PM Copyright © 2016 Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd Published by Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd, CIN: U72200TN2005PTC057128, formerly known as TutorVista Global Pvt. Ltd, licensee of Pearson Education in South Asia. No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the publisher’s prior written consent. This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher reserves the right to remove any material in this eBook at any time. ISBN 978-93-325-5871-7 978-93-325-4550-2 eISBN 978-93-325-XXXX-X Head Office: A-8 (A), 7th Floor, Knowledge Boulevard, Sector 62, Noida 201 309, Uttar Pradesh, India. Registered Office: Module G4, Ground Floor, Elnet Software City, TS-140, Block 2 & 9, Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India. Fax: 080-30461003, Phone: 080-30461060 www.pearson.co.in, Email:
[email protected] B.Sc._(Nursing)_Entrance_Examination-3e.indd 1 Volume-IV_Copy right page.indd 2 10/5/2015 3:49:03 PM 11/24/2015 11:37:13 AM Contents 1 BIOLOGY 4.1 4.1 The Science of Life Origin of Life Living and Non-Living Organisms Four Groups of Biological Entities Classification 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 Linnaeus System of Classification Modern Classification Systems Other Important Types of Classifications The Five Kingdoms Viruses Kingdom Protista Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Plantae (Plant Kingdom) Kingdom Animalia (Animal Kingdom) 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.11 4.12 4.12 4.13 4.15 4.19 Basic Cell Biology The Cell Size and Shape of Cells Cell Biology: Chronology Cell Structure Cell Functions Cell Division: The Continuity of Life Genetics Nutrition 4.49 4.49 4.50 4.50 The Transport System in Organisms 4.52 Transport System in a Cell Transport System in Plants Transport System in Animals Blood Vascular System The Lymphatic System 4.52 4.53 4.54 4.55 4.61 4.65 4.65 4.68 4.69 4.69 4.19 4.19 4.19 4.19 4.21 4.24 Reproduction 4.71 4.72 4.72 4.72 4.73 4.74 4.27 Excretion, Osmoregulation and Thermoregulation 4.77 4.34 4.41 Classification by Source of Energy and Carbon 4.41 Plant Nutrition 4.42 Animal Nutrition 4.43 Human Diet 4.44 The Digestive System 4.47 Volume IV FM.indd 3 External and Internal Respiration Respiratory System in Plants Respiratory System in Insects Respiratory System in Humans and Animals Skeletal and Muscular Systems Tissue Classification and Histology in Animals 4.34 Tissue Classification and Morphology in Plants 4.36 4.49 Bone and Skeleton System (Osteology) Ligaments (Syndesmology) Muscular System (Myology) Vertebrates Genetic Diversity and Crossing Over 4.27 X and Y Chromosomes and Sex Determination 4.28 Introduction to DNA 4.29 Types of Genetic Mutations 4.30 Genetic Engineering: Advantages and Disadvantages 4.31 Genetic Control and Melanin 4.33 Tissue Classification And Histology Respiration Asexual Reproduction in Plants Asexual Reproduction in Animals Sexual Reproduction in Plants Sexual Reproduction in Animals Sexual Reproduction in Humans